Universal testing apparatus

Dumbbell-shaped specimens having a minor diameter of 0.5 were used for this test, and the cross head speed of the Tinius Olsen Universal Test Apparatus was set at 0.5, /sec. The data is presented on the following pages in Tables 1 2... 

Uniaxial tension mechanical tests were performed on the samples shaped like a two-sided spade with different sizes. Tests were conducted on a universal testing apparatus at a temperature of 20°C and a strain rate of-2 10-3 s. ... 

Uniaxial tension mechanical tests have been performed on the samples in the shape of two-sided spade with sizes according to GOST 11262-80. The tests have been conducted on universal testing apparatus Gotech Testing Machine CT-TCS 2000, production of German Federal Republic, at temperature 293 K and strain rate 2 10 s" [4]. 

The usual approach is to use a tensile" or universal testing machine that is equipped with a compression load cell. The compression takes place between parallel steel plates, which may incorporate a self-alignment mechanism. Rather than a universal machine, an apparatus working in compression only is equally satisfactory if the volume of work justifies a dedicated apparatus. An alternative is to use a compression cage in a tensile machine effectively to reverse the motion of the machine. However, these are now seldom seen, as they can introduce considerable friction errors, and there is always difficulty in alignment. As will be appreciated, for stiff materials the forces and hence machine capacity required can be large. 

Experimental apparatus Microcomputer Control Electronic Universal Testing Machine. 

Stoll-quartermaster universal ware tester n. A versatile testing apparatus for measuring wear resistance of fabrics, yarns, thread, etc. It can be equipped with either of two testing heads, one for testing abrasion resistance of flat surfaces and the other for testing resistance to flexing and abrasion. 

Gamache, L. (2007), The design and implementation of a friction test apparatus based on the thermostamping process of woven-fabric composites , MS Thesis, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Lowell. 

The Ohio State University (OSU) calorimeter (12) differs from the Cone calorimeter ia that it is a tme adiabatic instmment which measures heat released dufing burning of polymers by measurement of the temperature of the exhaust gases. This test has been adopted by the Federal Aeronautics Administration (FAA) to test total and peak heat release of materials used ia the iateriors of commercial aircraft. The other principal heat release test ia use is the Factory Mutual flammabiHty apparatus (13,14). Unlike the Cone or OSU calorimeters this test allows the measurement of flame spread as weU as heat release and smoke. A unique feature is that it uses oxygen concentrations higher than ambient to simulate back radiation from the flames of a large-scale fire. 

This chapter presents methods and protocols suitable for the identification and characterization of inhibitors of the prokaryotic and/or eukaryotic translational apparatus as a whole or targeting specific, underexploited targets of the bacterial protein synthetic machinery such as translation initiation and amino-acylation. Some of the methods described have been used successfully for the high-throughput screening of libraries of natural or synthetic compounds and make use of model universal mRNAs that can be translated with similar efficiency by cellfree extracts of bacterial, yeast, and HeLa cells. Other methods presented here are suitable for secondary screening tests aimed at identifying a ... 

Rate of Heat Release measurements. The 13 materials were tested in three different RHR apparatuses the Ohio State University apparatus... 

Sample preparation and measuring apparatus has been discussed and hence this section will deal with the principal item, the tensile machine, together with grips and extensometer. The tensile machine is in fact very often a universal machine in that, apart from tensile tests, it can also be used for flexural, compression, tear and adhesion tests. The basic elements of a tensile machine are shown diagrammatically in Figure 8.10. 

Norris, J.C., Investigation of the dual LC50 values in woods using the University of Pittsburgh combustion toxicity apparatus, in Characterization and Toxicity of Smoke, Ed. H.J. Hasegawa, ASTM STP 1082, American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, PA, pp. 57-71, 1990. 

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