Uniqueness questions

But if the property is unlike any the world has yet seen, then it is not clear how such property should be regarded, let alone protected. In other words, the question of just what sort of property software is has not been satisfactorily answered, which contributes to the debate on the uniqueness question. Nonetheless, devices such as copyrights, patents, encryption, trade secrets, and oaths of confidentiality and standard virtues like trustworthiness and loyalty have been tried to protect ownership and the right to property [17, 23]. 

If two pure, immiscible liquids, such as benzene and water, are vigorously shaken together, they will form a dispersion, but it is doubtful that one phase or the other will be uniquely continuous or dispersed. On stopping the agitation, phase separation occurs so quickly that it is questionable whether the term emulsion really should be applied to the system. A surfactant component is generally needed to obtain a stable or reasonably stable emulsion. Thus, if a little soap is added to the benzene-water system, the result on shaking is a true emulsion that separates out only very slowly. Theories of... 

If this condition is not satisfied, there is no unique way of calculating the observed value of ff, and the validity of the statistical mechanics should be questioned. In all physical examples, the mean square fluctuations are of the order of 1/Wand vanish in the thennodynamic limit. 

Among the ordinary numbers, only 0 has no inverse. Many matriees have no inverse. The question of whether a matr ix A has or does not have a defined inverse is elosely related to the question of whether a set of simultaneous equations has or does not have a unique set of solutions. We shall eonsider this question more fully later, but for now reeall that if one equation in a pair of simultaneous equations is a multiple of the other. 

Having noted that each field of chemistry brings a unique perspective to the study of chemistry, we now ask a second deceptively simple question. What is the analytical perspective Many analytical chemists describe this perspective as an analytical approach to solving problems. Although there are probably as many descriptions of the analytical approach as there are analytical chemists, it is convenient for our purposes to treat it as a five-step process ... 

The Vinland Map, supposed evidence of the Viking discovery of America long before Columbus, was proclaimed a forgery after the detection in the ink of titanium white, a modem pigment (see Pigments, inorganic) (13). Subsequendy, however, after another analytical study, the interpretation of the eadiet results has been questioned, and the matter of authenticity of this unique document stiU remains an open question (14,15). 

One of the particulady challenging aspects of the work in a museum laboratory is the enormous variety of problems encountered. Every object examined is unique and for each the questions to be answered differ. Thus the museum laboratory most closely resembles, if anything, the forensic laboratory, and many of the methodologies employed are common (see Forensic chemistry). 

Many small businesses have proeesses that are not unique, sueh as refrigerated warehouses or eold storage loekers or water treatment faeil-ities. Wliere employer assoeiations have a number of members with sueh faeilities, a generie PHA, evolved from a eheeklist or what-if questions, eould be developed and eflfeetively used by employers to refieet their partieular proeess this would simplify eomplianee for them. 

A GPC column is like an alive individual every column is unique and is getting older with his own curriculum. Therefore the question arises, when does a column need to be discarded ... 

The answer to the second question—how to provide a name that is unique to a particular structure—is presented in the following section. It is worth noting, however, that being able to nane compounds in a systematic way is a great help in deciding whether two structural fonnulas represent isomeric substances or are the same compound represented in two different ways. By following a precise set of rules, you will always get the same systematic nane for a compound, regardless of how it is written. Conversely, two different compounds will always have different nanes. 

When corrosion develops on painted steel the question is often raised as to whether corrosion was a result of paint failure or the paint failure was caused by corrosion. Several studies have shown that adhesion forces are reduced greatly after water soaking or even at very high humidity -and it has been argued that film detachment by water usually precedes underfilm corrosion . Against this view others have claimed that those paints known to have reduced wet adhesion, e.g. those based on alkyd resins, are not uniquely, or even especially, subject to underfilm corrosion Several factors should be considered in this discussion ... 

Just as artificial life seeks to aii.swer the question of whether life is really an emergent property of the organization of matter and is not just some unique embodiment of its substance, so too it might be said that the goal of finite physics is to see whether physics - what we call reality - is fundamentally a property of the organization of information rather than a unique embodiment of the interaction... 

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