Union method references using

VBA can create references by using methods that are the equivalents of the union operator or intersection operator described in Chapter 3. The Union method creates a reference that includes multiple selections, e.g., A1,B5 or G3 L3,G5 L5. The syntax of the Union method is Un on range1, range2). The intersect method creates a reference that is common to two references (e.g.. 

Thus, as for the European Union, the requirements are based on accreditation, proficiency testing, the use of validated methods of analysis and, in addition, the formal requirement to use internal quality control procedures which comply with the Harmonised Guidelines. Although the EU and Codex Alimentarius Commission refer to different sets of accreditation standards, the ISO/IEC Guide 25 1990 and EN 45000 series of standards are similar in intent. It is only through these measures that international trade will be facilitated and the requirements to allow mutual recognition to be fulfilled will be achieved. 

These energy values are calculated from thermochemical tables (11) and the ionization potentials of hydrocarbons obtained by Stevenson (15) using mass spectrometric methods. The union of an olefin and a proton from an acid catalyst leads to the formation of a positively charged radical, called a carbonium ion. The two shown above are sec-propyl and fer -butyl, respectively. [For addition to the other side of the double bond, A 298 = —151.5 and —146 kg.-cal. per mole, respectively. For comparison, reference is made to the older (4) values of Evans and Polanyi, which show differences of —7 and —21 kg.-cal. per mole between the resultant n- and s-propyl and iso-and tert-butyl ions, respectively, against —29.5 and —49 kg.-cal. per mole here. These energy differences control the carbonium ion isomerization reactions discussed below.]... 

Future authenticity testing of cocoa butter and chocolate products is likely to follow defined paths. To assure the authenticity of cocoa butters databases of the composition of the relevant fats will be required, constructed from a statistically significantly number of samples of proven provenance and processing history. Analyses must be carried out using internationally validated methods and characterized reference materials by a number of respected laboratories. Scientific co-operation within the European Union is beginning to develop such approaches in ensuring the authenticity of other foods such as olive oil. 

The information on each chemical substance is concise and easy to understand. It includes the chemical name with CAS (Chemical Abstracts Service) number, the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (lUPAC) name, molecular formula, synonyms and trade names, use and exposure, toxicity and health effects, whether it is carcinogenic, exposure limits, and methods of proper storage and disposal, with relevant references. Tables and appendices provide additional information. In certain chapters of this book, chemical substances are listed in alphabetical order to facilitate speedy and easy access for the reader the classifications of chemical substances are included separately. 

A special case of cell-based methods is a diversity measure proposed for binary fingerprints. Unlike continuous descriptors, binary descriptors such as structural keys and hashed fingerprints can be compared using fast binary operations to give rapid estimates of molecular similarity, diversity, and complementarity. The most common example of a diversity measure applied to binary descriptors is the binary union (inclusive or ). This can be exploited in a number of different ways elegant examples can be found in the following references. ... 

A much more common procedure for reference selection is to accept references whose estimated importance is greater than some given threshold this can involve perturbative estimates of a function s energetic contribution or its coefficient in some preliminary wavefunction. These approaches are more successful at obtaining the best wavefunction at the lowest expense, but they sacrifice the simplicity of the excitation class selection and can become more difficult to implement and to use. One complication is that potential energy surfaces determined using such methods may not be smooth to alleviate this, one may need to determine the important references at each geometry and use the union of these sets at every point. 

For 7 < 1, no eigenvalue of this Hamiltonian can be found analytically and a variational method, like the one initiated by Faulkner [17], is used in most cases [13,26]. However, a non-variational method has also been used by the Kogan group in the late Soviet Union (see [7,8], and references therein). This method is facilitated by transforming Hamiltonian (5.6) using a deformed new coordinate frame X = 71/6x/a, Y = 71/6y/a, Z = 71/3z/a, where a =... 

Using several years experience, as a laboratory scientist pioneering speci-ation analyses and latterly as a scientist in DGXII of the European Union leading the campaign to improve the quality and credibility of speciation measurements, Dr Quevauviller has written a masterly text. No-one is better qualified to write a text critically evaluating the performance of different methods for speciation analysis. Carefully organised and authoritatively written, I am sure this book will be an essential reference for all those who perform or use speciation analysis. 

---