UNICEF

WHO/UNICEF (2008) Progress in drinking-water and sanitation special focus on sanitation. Joint Monitoring Programme for Water Supply and Sanitation update report. Available at http //www.wssinfo.org/en/40 MDG2008.html (June 2009)... 

Supply Division Annual Report 1998, UNICEF, Co- 24. penhagen, 1999. 

Roll Back Malaria —a partnership between the World Health Organization, the UN Development Program, UNICEF and the World Bank. Available at http //mosquito.who.int. 

FAO/WHO/UNICEF, Human Testing of Supplementary Food Mixtures," PAG guideline no. 7, 1970. 

FAO/WHO/UNICEF, "Protein-Rich Mixtures for use as Weaning Foods," PAG guideline no. 8, 1971. 

RoslingH. 1987. Cassava toxicity and food security. Prepared for UNICEF African Household Food Security Program, lsted. Uppsala, Sweden Tryck kontakt. 1-40. 

WHO/UNICEF/ICCIDD (1991) Global prevalence of iodine deficiency disorders. Micronutrient Deficiency Information System Working Paper No. I. Geneva, WHO... 

Retrieved April 8, 2004 from http //www.unicef.org/pon96/hevaccin.htm)... 

The effects were predominantly beneficial and no problems with resistance were reported (5 ). Recently the use of oral rehydration salts with penicillin has been described by UNICEF (21). 

WHO/UNICEF/ICCIDD. Indicators for assessing iodine deficiency disorders and their control through salt iodization. Geneva (Switzerland) World Health Organization 1994. (WHO/NUT/94.6). 

UNICEF (The United Nations Children s Fund), Fluoride in water An overview, UNICEF (Available at http //www.unicef.org/wes/fluoride.pdf). 

In Southeast Asia, an estimated 5 million children develop an eye disease known as xerophthalmia due to vitamin A dehciency every year. Of these, 0.25-0.5 million will eventually go blind. Vitamin A dehciency is also correlated with a weakened immune system and consequentially an increased susceptibility to potentially fatal afflictions, including diarrhea, respiratory diseases, and childhood diseases such as measles. According to statistics compiled by UNICEF, improved vitamin A nutrition could be expected to prevent approximately 1-2 million deaths a year among children aged 1-4, and an additional 0.25-0.5 million deaths during later childhood. 

Diseases listed are those targeted by the WHO, UNICEF, UNDP special program for research and training in tropical disease (www.who.int/tdr)... 

The UNICEF/UNDP/World Bank/WHO Special Program for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases (TDR) was established in 1975 in response to appeals from countries where neglected diseases are endemic. TDR addresses ten tropical diseases African trypanosomiasis, dengue, leishmaniasis, schistosomiasis, tuberculosis, Chagas disease, leprosy, lymphatic filariasis, and onchocerciasis. Its mission is ... 

UNICEF (United Nations Children s Fund). 2005. The State of the World s Children 2005. New York UNICEF. 

United Nations International Children s Emergency Fund (UNICEF). 2000. To the African Summit on Roll Back Malaria. New York UNICEF. Available at http //www.UNICEF.org/media/media 11948.html [Accessed April 29, 2005]. 

The innate system is of special importance during early infancy. Prior to birth and for at least 4-12 months after birth a child s immune system is poorly developed. It may not become fully competent until age 5.34 35 During the prenatal period maternal antibodies are transferred to the child. IgG crosses the placenta and enters the fetal circulation. Breast milk provides IgA, which remains largely in the child s gut, as well as other protective proteins. UNICEF and the World Health Organization recommend breast-feeding to two years or beyond 34... 

The increased awareness about the special vulnerability of children has led to a number of new research programmes, international agreements, and international alliances that specifically address and promote healthy environments for children (UNICEF, 1990, 2001a WHO, 1997, 2002a Suk, 2002 Suk et al 2003). A few key international activities are cited below ... 

It should also be noted that millions of children suffer from unsafe environments, abuse, and neglect due to armed conflict, natural disasters (e.g. hurricanes and earthquakes), and human-made disasters. Many of these children become refugees and/or orphans and are engaged in forced, hazardous, and exploitative labour. These marginalized children suffer from the very beginning of their lives. Many are invisible , and over 36% of all births go unregistered, mainly in developing countries (UNICEF, 2006). 

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