Two basic concept

Concluding this section, two interesting variants of the STM should be addressed. The spin-polarized STM (SPSTM), which works with a ferromagnetic tip, can be used to probe surface magnetism with high resolution [5.47, 5.48]. Other modifications of the STM involve electromagnetic radiation, whereby two basic concepts can... 

Two basic concepts for microbial H2S production were tested with field data ... 

Two basic concepts are used in developing the naming of different soils. First is the idea that a soil s characteristics will determine which group it falls into and its name. Another idea is that soils will be related to a reference soil. In both cases, the natural soil horizons are used in the soil description. In Soil Taxonomy, horizons used for naming the soil are called diagnostic horizons. In the reference soils, the horizons are called reference horizons. The general concepts are similar in all systems, and so are many names for soil characteristics. The names are often descriptive in that they give an idea of the characteristic of the soil. 

Two basic concepts can be used for peak size. The first is simply the measurement of the height of the peak. The second involves the measurement of area with a wide variety of methods available. 

The many technological innovations in melt crystal growth of semiconductor materials all build on the two basic concepts of confined and meniscus-defined crystal growth. Examples of these two systems are shown schematically in Figure 1. Typical semiconductor materials grown by these and other methods are listed in Table I. The discussion in this section focuses on some of the design variables for each of these methods that affect the quality of the product crystal. The remainder of the chapter addresses the relationship between these issues and the transport processes in crystal growth systems. 

The above definitions are based essentially on just two basic concepts, namely system , and judgment , for each of which any standard dictionary definition will suffice4. 

Most reports on protein-mediated cell adhesion can be categorized into one of two basic concepts for structuring the cell-adhesive islands ... 

A number of industrially important reactions are carried out in three-phase reactors. Typically, a gas and a liquid-phase reactant are converted to products in the presence of a solid catalyst. There are two basic concepts for designing such reactors, the fixed-bed reactor and the slurry reactor [31]. 

Biomolecular sensing systems have been developed dramatically in the last years. Two basic concepts, direct sequencing [1] and DNA hybridization [2], are used to detect and identify polynucleotides. The latter concept is more widely used, given its simplicity and... 

Note There are two basic concepts of air delivery to pharmaceutical production facilities a recirculation system, and a full fresh air system (100% outside air supply). 

The size distribution of products from various types of size-reduction equipment can be predicted by a computer simulation of the comminution process. This makes use of two basic concepts, that of a grinding-rate function S and a breakage function A5 a. The material in a mill or crusher at any time is made up of partides of many different sizes, and they all interact with one another during the size-reduction process, but for purposes of computer simulation the material is imagined to be divided into a number of discrete fractions (such as the ones retained on the various standard screens) and that particle breakage occurs in each fraction more or less independently of the other fractions. 

Hi lie s model puts together these two basic concepts and explains a great number of experimental results [23,50-52],... 

Ablative TPSs are not applicable to large reusable spaceplanes because their consumption would change the aerodynamic profUe, jeopardising the flight control, and their replacement after each mission would cost too much. Therefore two basic concepts have been developed for primary load-carrying structures of spaceplanes ... 

This thesis focuses on experimental study of the resonance phenomenon and the breakdown of the Born-Oppenheimer (B-0) approximation in the F -I- H2 and its isotopic reactions. This chapter introduces briefly two basic concepts (1) the reaction resonance (2) the B-0 approximation. 

Two basic concepts are used for the interpretation of the postpolymerization process (1) diffusion-controlled reactions (DCR) and (2) the microheterogeneous model. With regard to DCR, the basis I or the analysis of experimental data is the famous kinetic equation of the initial state of the stationary process. The parameters of this equation are the function of the mobility of macroradicals. 

There exists a great variety of micromixers based on different mixing principles, classified in mainly two basic concepts (see Chapter 7) ... 

The size of a chromatographic peak is proportional to the amount of material contributing to that peak, and the size of this peak can be measured by a number of ways. Each of these is considered individually. Two basic concepts can be used for peak size. The first is simply the measurement of the height of the peak. The second involves the measurement of area with a wide variety of methods available. Each technique when used properly is an acceptable means for quantitation. 

The subject of this talk is Reactivity. You all hear your ihysicists talking about reactivity, and you have to work with it each day - you talk about "c-mk s," end "inhours, and all sorts of strange things. To understand what is meant by reactivity, and why you see some of these things that you see, we need to introduce two basic concepts multiplication and reactivity. 

No matter the age of a student or general public, they are always extremely curious about what causes disasters on Earth. We challenge children understanding that the stress related to Earth dynamic is prevalently released (1) at plate boundaries and (2) within the lithosphere. These are two basic concepts that can be explained to almost every age students, although with rather different approach. 

Essentially, the rules governing the establishment of hydrogen bonds obey to two basic concepts [27] ... 

Two basic concepts that can explain adjustable-speed operation of induction motors can be summarized as follows ... 

---