Mixing principle

External energy sources for active mixing are, for example, ultrasound [22], acoustic, bubble-induced vibrations [23,24], electrokinetic instabilities [25], periodic variation of flow rate [26-28], electrowetting induced merging of droplets [29], piezoelectric vibrating membranes [30], magneto-hydrodynamic action [31], small impellers [32], integrated micro valves/pumps [33] and many others, which are listed in detail in Section 1.2. 

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S. Nagata, Mixing Principles andMpplications, John Wiley Sons, Inc., New York, 1975. 

Figure 5-19. Characteristic curves flow, power, and mixing time. (H/D = 1, 8-blade paddle H/D = %, d/D = 1/10, Hq/D = %) By permission, Nagata, S., Mixing Principles and Applications, Halsted Press, John Wiley Sons, Kodasnsha Scientific, p. 125 [34).

Nagata, S., Mixing Principles and Applications, Kodansha Scientific Books, Halsted Press/John Wiley Sons, 1975. 

Compounding and Mixing Principles with Eocus on Zinc Oxide Addition... 

COMPOUNDING AND MIXING PRINCIPLES WITH FOCUS ON ZINC OXIDE ADDITION AND DUMP TEMPERATURE... 

More detailed information concerning the characterization of micro mixers from different suppliers and of different mixing principles is given in [98] (this source may be difficult to obtain). 

Nagata, S., 1975, Mixing. Principles and Applications , Wiley, New York. 

Nagata S. Mixing principles and Applications. Tokyo Kodansha Ltd, 1975 268-269. 

For the surface modification of silica and carbon black, a radiofrequency (13.56 MHz) electrode-less tumbler plasma reactor at the University of Cincinnati was used. The schematic reactor design is shown in Fig. 5. It consists of a Pyrex cylinder chamber of 40 cm in length and 20 cm in diameter, with a motor-driven shaft at its center, and two vanes running in opposite directions. The reactor is based on a horizontal mixing principle and is capable of treating 350 g per batch. The powdery materials to be coated are placed at the bottom of the chamber. The plasma... 

In addition to grouping the mixers according to their mixing principles and their generic microstructure designs, a practically oriented classification refers to the complexity of the fluid network [25], So-called in-plane mixers rely on streams which are divided and mixed in a fluid network confined to one level (i.e. a pattern that can be projected on to a single plane) [25], In turn, out-of-plane mixers rely on a... 

Figure 1.3 Schematic diagrams of selected passive and active micro mixing principles [66] (source IMM).

This chapter is on mixing principles, their respective devices and their characterization and is intended to give the reader an idea of how well they already function. This chapter is not really on mixing theory and physics of micro mixers. 

First, the mixing principle is explained in a generic fashion. Then, a device section follows, describing all the different versions of microstructured devices actually realized. Details on the way in which the generic principle is applied are given as well as details on microfabrication and design specifications. 

If one of the objects cannot rotate, e.g. because it is fixed in space, CER still can induce rotation of the other object [95], That is the basis for the mixing principle presented here. A microsphere is positioned nearby a (fixed) microstructure, typically of the same or similar material. By application of an electric field, the above-mentioned interaction takes place and the microsphere rotates. 

This magnetic micro-bead mixer relies on a dynamic mixing principle, based on stirring of externally driven small particles in a small mixing chamber [106,107]. Magnetic beads made of nickel were enclosed in this chamber. The externally stimulated bead motion resulted in rapid homogenization of the solutions to be mixed. 

Figure 1.80 Schematic of the flow guidance and the mixing principle of micro mixers for (a) lateral view of lamination and (b) vertical view of lamination [67] (by courtesy of IOP Publishing Limited).

Hessel, V., Hardt, S., Hofmann, C., Pennemann, H., Schonfeld, F., Micro mixing principles and applications -... 

Mixing principles are relevant to many disciplines what makes mixing polymeric materials unique is their exceptionally high viscosity. There are numerous texts (1-5) that are entirely devoted to the complex problem of mixing of polymers and plastics, and we refer the reader to them for further reading. 

Nagata, S. "Mixing. Principles and applications" Kodansha Ltd. Tokyo, 1975... 

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