Tumor lineage

Large granular lymphocytes, not belonging to either the T- or B-cell lineage. Natural killer (NK) cells are considered part of the innate defense system since, in contrast to cytotoxic T-cells, they are able to kill certain tumor cells in vitro without prior sensitization. The basal activity of NIC cells increases dramatically following stimulation with type I IFNs. In addition, NK cells display Fc-receptors for IgG and are important mediators of Antibody-Dependent-Cell-mediated-Cytotoxicity (ADCC). 

The advent of personalized therapies that are dependent on the outcome of an immunohistochemical stain has increased the need for quantitative positive controls. When IHC was first introduced as an adjunct in surgical pathology diagnosis, the interpretation was largely qualitative. Specific markers were present or absent, thereby characterizing a tumor cell s lineage. The fact that IHC interpretation was qualitative, rather than semiquantitative, minimized... 

The five intermediate filaments and their respective tissues are listed in Table 3. Only the intermediate filament, cytokeratin, is selected as useful in the initial classification of tumors. The other intermediate filaments can cause diagnostic confusion because (1) they are usually not expressed in their poorly differentiated counterparts (especially GFAP, NFP, and Desmin) and (2) they are often coexpressed on many types of tumors. Poorly differentiated neuroectodermal tumors may often express more than two intermediate filaments. Vimentin demonstrates the most lineage infidelity. 

Schreurs, M.W., de Boer, A.J., Figdor, C.G. and Adema, G.J. (1998) Genetic vaccination against the melanocyte lineage-specific antigen gplOO induces cytotoxic T lymphocyte-mediated tumor protection. Cancer Res., 58, 2509-2514. 

In eastern Europe. Letoozim , a mixture of the papaya proteinases, is used for the treatment of eye burns [115] as well as for some cases of cataract [1161. Recently, a new application for chymopapain has been reported, Chymodiactin has been used in the process of removal of tumor cells from autologous marrow grafts in a positive selection system [117,118], This process clears the way for the use of autologous bone marrow transplants in the treatment of several types of cancer, since the authors showed tlst hemopoietic stem cells, the nrecyr ors of al lymphohemopoietic lineages, are present in cell mixtures purified in this way [119],... 

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