Tumor lesions

Anwer, K., G. Kao, B. Proctor, A. Rolland, and S. Sullivan, Optimization of cationic lipid/DNA complexes for systemic gene transfer to tumor lesions. J Drug Target, 2000. 8(2) 125-35. 

Azemar M, Djahansouzi S. Regression of cutaneous tumor lesions in patients intratumorally injected with a recombinant single-chain antibody-toxin targeted to ErbB2/HER2. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2003 82 155-64. 

MR specdoscopy is used extensively in clinical praedee to help cUfferendate tumor fi om non-tumor lesions in the brain. The Cho/Cr and NAA/Cho rados can be udlized to help accomplish this task (Poptani et al., 1995 Moller-Hartmann et al., 2002). Increased Cho/Cr and decreased NAA/Cho are posidve inkUcadons of a brain tumor (Poptani et al., 1995 Moller-Hartmann et al., 2002). The lipid and lactate peaks are more variable in tumor and non-tumor lesions but can also aid in tumor diagnosis. There are a number of disease processes, such as muldple sclerosis plaques, that cannot always be cUf-ferendated by specdoscopy fi om a brain tumor. 

Wagner 1, Habs M, Schmahl D. 1979. Occult blood testing using the guaiac method (haemoccult-test) for detection of tumorous lesions induced witli 1.2-dimcthylhydrazine and acctoxymethyl-mcthyl-nitrosamme in rats. Acta Hepato-Gastroenterol 26 504-507. 

Table 1. Typical absorption and scattering coefficients of tissues in the red/near-infrared spectral region (600-800 nm) and resulting approximate effective attenuation coefficient and penetration depth. Note that for any tissue type, there is considerable patient-to-patient and, for tumors, lesion-to-lesion variation in these properties...

Telomerase Telomerase activity is one of the most important factors that have been linked to multiple developmental processes, including cell proliferation, differentiation, aging, and senescence. Dysregulation of telomerase has often been found in developmental abnormalities and cancer, where telomere dysfunction leads to an increase in initiation of tumor lesions, due to enhanced genomic instability. Recently, a number of studies have described pol)q)henol effects on telomerase inhibition. Naasani et al. reported that EGCG directly in-... 

Based on this principle, Pgp-overexpressing tumors can be detected in scintigraphic images by their low uptake ( cold spot) and rapid washout rate from the tumor lesion, whereas drug-sensitive tumors translate into a higher uptake ( hot spot) with a slow washout rate of the radiotracer [61]. Numerous in vitro and in vivo studies, pre-clinical and clinical, have been performed in order to appraise the usefulness of [ Tc]MIBI imaging to identify Pgp-expressing tumors on a functional basis. 

Fig. 7 A 13-years-old boy with osteosarcoma located in the right distal femur. Both early (A) and delayed (B) images acquired at 10 and 60 min, respectively, showed intense uptake of [99niTc]MIBI in the tumor lesion. The percent washout rate at 60 min was of 12%. After neoadjuvant chemotherapy, there was no [ " TcjMIBI uptake at the primary lesion site (C). The percent necrosis of the resection material was 99% and the patient showed complete response to chemotherapy (reprinted by permission from Springer Science + Business Media, Ref. [101])...

Response to therapy is usually measured using the RECIST criteria [59, 60] for morphologic images (MRI, CT, ultrasound). Tumor sizes, however, do not necessarily reflect the number of viable tumor cells. From other types of oncologic therapy (e.g. chemotherapy) it is known that, in the early post-treatment period, the size of the tumor lesions remains constant even though the number of vi-... 

The thoracic sympathetic ganglia are located in front of the head of the ribs and the pleura is immediately in front of and closely related to the ganglia. Under CT guidance, a 22-gauge needle is inserted percu-taneously along the lateral aspect of the vertebral body at the level of, or superior to, the tumoral lesion. The tip of the needle is located between the vertebral periosteum and the parietal pleura, in front of the head of the rib. After injection of 3 ml of 1% lidocaine diluted with contrast media, 3-5 ml... 

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