Tube pump

Connect the collection device, tubing, pump, and calibration apparatus. 

Detector Tubes/Pumps Detector tube pumps are portable equipment which, when used with a variety of commercially available detector tubes, are capable of measuring the concentrations of a wide variety of compounds in industrial atmospheres. Operation consists of using the pump to draw a known volume of air through a detector tube designed to measure the concentration of the substance of interest. The concentration is determined by a colorimetric change of an indicator which is present in the tube contents. 

Detector tubes/pumps are screening instruments which may be used to measure hundreds of organic and inorganic gases and vapors or for leak detection. Some aerosols can also be determined. Detector tubes of a given brand are to be used only with a pump of the same brand. 

Calibrate the detector tube pump for proper volume measurement at least quarterly. Simply connect the pump directly to the bubble meter with a detector mbe in-line. Use a detector mbe and pump from the same manufacturer. Wet the inside of the 100 cc bubble meter with soap solution. For volume calibration, experiment to get the soap bubble even with the zero ml mark of the buret. For piston-type pumps, pull the pump handle all the way out (full pump stroke) and note where the soap bubble stops for bellows-type pumps, compress the bellows fully for automatic pumps, program the pump to take a full pump stroke. 

Equipment, The reactor was 1.523 liter, 316 stainless steel cylindrical, jacketed vessel equipped with two multiblade, paddle-type agitators. Tracer studies showed the reactor was well-mixed. A thermocouple measured temperature and was recorded continuously. Feed tanks, tubing, pumps and valves were made of stainless steel and had teflon seals. 

MK2 peristaltic tube pumps were used to feed the CCS. The CCS was coimected to a Julabo MV basis temperature controlled water bath (accuracy 0.01°C). The water bath was set at 70°C. The CCS was operated in a once-through operation. The CCS was fed with 12.6 ml/min of pure sunflower oil. Subsequently, the centrifuge was started (40 Hz, which corresponds to 2400 rpm). As soon as the oil started flowing out of the heavy phase outlet, the reaction was started by feeding the methanolic NaOMe solution (containing 1% w/w NaOMe with regard to snnflower oil) at 3.15 mL/min. 

The experiments were performed in a CINC V-02 separator also known as the CS-50 (15). Two Verder VL 500 control peristaltic tube pumps equipped with a double pump head (3,2 x 1,6 x 8R) were used to feed the CCS. In case of the enzymatic reaction, the low mix bottom plate was applied. To operate the reactor at a desired temperature, it was equipped with a jacket which was coimected to a temperature controlled water bath with an accuracy of 0.01°C. The CCS was fed with pure heptane and pure water, both with a flow rate of 6 mL/min. Subsequently, the centrifuge was started (40 Hz, which corresponds to 2400 rpm) and the set-up was allowed to equilibrate for a period of 1 h. At this point, the heptane feed stream was replaced by the organic feed stream (oleic acid (0.6M) and 1-bntanol (0.9M) in heptane). After equilibration for 10 minutes, the reaction in the CCS was started by replacing the water stream with the aqueous feed stream (0.1 M phosphate buffer pH 5.6 containing 1 g/1 of the lipase form Rhizomucor miehei). Samples were taken at regular intervals and analysed by GC. 

Flexible polyurethane foam, 19 559 Flexible printed circuits, 10 456 Flexible searches, 6 10-11 Flexible tube pumps, 21 74 Flexicoking (fluid coking), 18 651, 652 ... 

Minimization of the required volumes to fill the equipment, e.g., printing screen, tubes, pumps, and container. By optimization, a filling of up to 8 kg can be reduced to a consumption less than 2 kg per filling. 

Our previous experience in the use of small numbers of diffusion samplers paired with tube/pump samples had suggested that a "learning curve" phenomenon occurred wherein the first few sample pairs exhibited considerably more scatter than later pairs. It was speculated that this "learning curve" could be attributed to the acquisition of dexterity in handling diffusion samplers by both the field teams and laboratory personnel. Without attempting to prove the actual occurrence of this phenomenon, it was decided in advance to exclude the data from sample pairs exposed in the first two plants in which each type of diffusion sampler was used. 

Figures 3 and 4 display the paired results obtained with Ab-cor and 3M diffusion-type samplers, respectively. These results were analyzed through use of the "t" test for paired samples and the calculation of correlation coefficients and regression equations, with the results of these analyses shown in Table I. A statistically significant correlation is seen between the data set for each type of diffusion sampler and the corresponding tube/ pump sample data set, and the "t" test fails to refute the null hypothesis that there is no significant systematic difference between each of the diffusion sampler data set and the corresponding tube/pump data set.

Figures 8-11 display the difference between each diffusion sampler and its corresponding tube/pump sample, plotted against the tube/pump sample result. These figures show the difference as a function of the magnitude of the nominally "true" (or, at least, accepted) value. Lines indicating the bounds of 10% and 25% of the tube/pump sample are shown.

Figure 3. Abcor gasbadge data vs. corresponding tube/pump data...

Figure 5. Diffusion sampler vs. tube/pump data for sample duration > 60 min...

Infrared thermographic techniques can be used to identify hot spots on process equipment The camera works on the theory that the hotter the object, the higher the frequency of radiation. For off-line corrosion monitoring, horoscopes for inspecting tubes, pumps, compressors, and other equipment may be used. Spot chemical testing can indicate the... 

It will also be possible by relatively minor piping changes to convert the forward-feed evaporator to backward feed, which might be more favorable if the calcium sulfate scale problem can be solved. Except for tubes, pump shaft sleeves, impellers, etc., the plant will be built exclusively of steel and cast iron. Tube materials will be evaluated by tubing different evaporator effects and heat exchangers with steel, admiralty metal, aluminum brass, and 90/10 cupronickel. The copper alloy tubes will be used exclusively in the final condenser and in the few heat exchangers that are in contact with nondeaerated sea water. 

Modern NIR equipment is generally robust and precise and can be operated easily by unskilled personnel [51]. Commercial instruments which have been used for bioprocess analyses include the Nicolet 740 Fourier transform infrared spectrometer [52, 53] and NIRSystems, Inc. Biotech System [54, 55]. Off-line bioprocess analysis most often involves manually placing the sample in a cuvette with optical pathlengths of 0.5 mm to 2.0 mm, although automatic sampling and transport to the spectrometer by means of tubing pump has been used (Yano and Harata, 1994). A number of different spectral acquisition methods have been successfully applied, including reflectance [55], absorbance [56], and diffuse transmittance [51]. 

Suitable materials of construction for operating temperature range Bodies.. Tubes Pumps ... 

Digital microfluidic architecture is under software-driven electronic control, eliminating the need for mechanical tubes, pumps, and valves that are required for continuous-flow systems. The compatibility of each chemical substance with the electro-wetting platform must be determined initially. Compatibility issues include the following (1) Does the liquid s viscosity and surface tension allow for droplet dispensing and transport by electrowetting ... 

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