Tropical oils worldwide production

The most important countries that produce clove oils are Madagascar, Tanzania, and Indonesia. Smaller quantities are produced in other tropical areas (e.g., Malaysia and Sri Lanka). Worldwide production of clove oils is more than 2000 t/yr, of which Indonesia produces about half. 

The main component of all clove oils is eugenol (up to 80%, sometimes more), which is responsible for their odor and antiseptic properties. Other major constituents are eugenyl acetate and caryophyllene [442-449b], Clove bud oil has a higher acetate content and a more delicate odor than the other oils, therefore it is much more expensive. Leaf oil is produced and used in the largest quantities. The composition of clove stem oil resembles that of bud oil but with a lower content of eugenyl acetate. The most important countries that produce clove oils are Madagascar, Tanzania, and Indonesia. Smaller quantities are produced in other tropical areas (e.g., Malaysia and Sri Lanka). Worldwide production of clove oils is more than 2000 t/yr, of which Indonesia produces about half. 

In the 2002-2003 growing season, 30.6 million metric tons of soybean oil were produced worldwide, constituting about half of the worldwide edible vegetable oil production, and thirty percent of all fats and oils produced, including animal fats and oils derived from tropical plants. Soybean oil is produced in larger amounts than any other traded oil (about 23 million tonnes a year) and is grown particularly in the United States, followed by Brazil, Argentina, and China. ... 

Cashew (Anacardium occidentale L.) is a tropical evergreen plant known for its seeds that are consumed worldwide. It is one of the most economically important genera in the Anacardiaceae family and is presently cultivated in many regions of the world [ 1 ]. World production of cashew nut is about 2.8 million tons in 2005. Vietnam, Nigeria, and India are the major cashew nut producers, with 33.5%, 20.7% and 19.0%, respectively, of world production of cashew nut [2]. The cashew industry ranks third in the world production of edible nnts [3]. Cashew tree produces several products. Cashew nut is the seed of cashew. There is no donbt that the nut is the most important product of the cashew tree. It is consumed whole, roasted, sheUed, and salted. Its fruit, also called as cashew apple, may be eaten raw, preserved as jam, made into a beverage, or fermented into a wine [4]. Cashew nnt shell oil, also known as cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL), is extracted from the honey-combed shell of the cashew nut and has been used in several industrial applications. 

Flax is cultivated worldwide except in tropical and cold climate zones. Fiber flax grows in humid, moderate climates whereas oil flax grows in dry, warm areas. The cultivation area worldwide varies considerably, ranging from about 220,000 ha (2011) to 520,000 ha (2004). Flax production varies accordingly from 227,000 T (2011) to 1.01 million T (2004). The main flax producer until 2005 was China. Since then, production there has dropped by 95% today the main producers are Belarus, France, and Russia, with a combined world market share of 75% (FAO, 2013). 

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