2- trimethyl ammonium halide

CMCs of these polyfluorinated surfactants are of the order of 10 5 m.47 Plots of the observed H chemical shifts versus surfactant concentration of cetyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, cetyl pyridinium chloride, cetyl dimethyl phenyl ammonium chloride, cetyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride, cetyl dimethy 1-2-phenyl ethyl ammonium chloride, and cetyl dimethyl-3-phenyl propyl ammonium chloride, are sigmoidal and were fitted to a model based on the mass action. The H chemical shift-based CMC values are in excellent agreement with those determined by the surface tension method.48 The micellization processes of dodecyl trimethyl ammonium halides (chloride and bromide) studied by calorimetric titration show different behaviors at 298 K. However, these disappear at 313 K, while the results measured by the chemical shift versus surfactant concentration do not show this difference.49 The CMC of 3-aminopropyl triethoxy silane in toluene is ca. 0.47m, measured by H and l3C chemical shifts.50 The CMC of optically active potassium A -n-dodecanoyl alaminate measured by H and l3C chemical shifts is lower (11-15 him) in D20 than that in a mixed solvent of 1,4-dioxane and D20 (19mM).-51 The H chemical shift shows that the CMC of resorcinol-type calix[4] phosphoric esters having four alkyl side-chains, [4]Ar 5P-R-n, is insensitive to the length of the side-chains, n.52 The CMC values of a family of surfactants, the sodium cyclohexyl alkanoates, with different lengths of the alkanoate side-chains, were obtained from 13C chemical-shift measurements. The results show that these amphiphiles have high CMCs (0.12-1.02 m).-53... 

Sulfonated triphenylphosphine [TPPTS (triphenylphosphine, m-trisulfonated) tri(m-sulfophenyl)phosphine] (II-l) and monosulfonated triphenylphosphine [TP-PMS (triphenylphosphine, monosulfonated) 3-(diphenylphosphino)benzenesul-fonic acid] (II-2) are commercially available ligands and their sodium salts are water-soluble [15]. The Na salt of the ligand TPPTS is very soluble and may be too soluble in water, hence moderately soluble TPPMS is preferred. Another water-soluble phosphine is 2-(diphenylphosphinoethyl)trimethyl ammonium halide (II-11) [16]. A number of other water-soluble phosphines are now known (Table 1.2). Pd complexes, coordinated by these phosphines, are soluble in water, and Pd-catalyzed reactions can be carried out in water, which is said to have an accelerating effect in some catalytic reactions. 

A thio-substituted, quaternary ammonium salt can be synthesized by the Michael addition of an alkyl thiol to acrylamide in the presence of benzyl trimethyl ammonium hydroxide as a catalyst [793-795]. The reaction leads to the crystallization of the adducts in essentially quantitative yield. Reduction of the amides by lithium aluminum hydride in tetrahydrofuran solution produces the desired amines, which are converted to desired halide by reaction of the methyl iodide with the amines. The inhibitor is useful in controlling corrosion such as that caused by CO2 and H2S. 

Dialkyl tellurides (general procedure) A mixture of TUDO (0.2 g, 2 mmol), NaOH (0.112 g, 2.6 mmol), Te powder (0.128 g, 1 mmol) in H2O (0.75 mL) and THF (0.75 ml) is refluxed for 1 h. The alkyl halide (2 mmol) and (cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide) CTBA (0.004 g, 1.1 X 10 mmol) in THF (0.5 mL) are added to the pale pink solution. After 1 h of additional reflux the mixture is worked up in the usual manner and the residue purified by column chromatography on Si02 (elution with petroleum ether 40-60°C). 

Poly(p-xylylene)s can also be prepared by other reactions. Among them is the condensation of trimethyl(p-methylbenzyl) ammonium halide in the presence of a base ... 

Scheme 18.32 and a wide range of cocatalysts including the commonly tested tetrabutylammonium halides (F-, Cl-, Br- and I-) and iV,iV -dimethyl-aminopyridine as well as the remarkable phenyltrimethylammonium tribromide (PTAT [PhMe3N] [Br3] ). The combination Al(TPP)Cl and phe-nyl-trimethyl ammonium tribromide produced cyclic carbonates in excellent yields, this combination displaying the best compromise between the Lewis acidity of the centre, the leaving ability of the axial halide and the nucleo-philicity of the anion in the cocatalyst. PTAT showed a better activity than the tetrabutylammonium halides, whereas the neutral DMAP delivered the worst conversion of this series. ... 

Type A copolymers and terpolymers have been prepared by copolymerizing vinyl pyridinium halides with alkali metal salts of sulfonate comonomers including vinylsulfonate, 2-acrylamido-2-methyl propane sulfonate, and p-styrene sulfonate (15-19). Methacrylamidopropyl-trimethyl ammonium chloride and p-styrene sulfonate have been terpolymerized with the hydrophilic monomer acrylamide (20,21). Type A copolymers and terpolymers have also been prepared from microemulsions of sodium 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-l-propanesulfonate and [2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl]trimethylammonium chloride (22-25). 

Trimethyl tetrathiophosphate heated 12 hrs. in a closed flask on a water bath with a 28% soln. of trimethylamine in anhydrous acetone tetramethyl-ammonium dimethyl tetrathiophosphate. Y 85%. — The salts produced give mixed esters by reaction with alkyl halides. Also cleavage of trimethyl trithiol-phosphate s. P. Ghabrier and T. N. Thanh, G. r. 261, 2229 (1965). 

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