Treatment of textile fabrics

Textile fabrics receive a number of chemical and physical treatments before they are made into a final product. From formaldehyde finishes to improve crease resistance to flame-retardant treatment and dyeing of many types of fabrics, the possibilities for the application of dyeing and finishing processes to change the characteristics of textile materials are almost endless. Recent advances in nanomaterials have led to the development of treatments based on metallic nanoparticles for making textiles more resistant to water, stains, wrinkles, and pathogens such as bacteria and fungi. 

For medical textile materials, many of the dyeing and finishing agents may have detrimental effects on the end users. For example, a number of disperse, add, and reactive dyes have been shown to be allergenic to sensitive individuals. Some residue finishing agents may cause allergic responses when in direct contact with the human body. It is therefore important to select the appropriate processes and raw materials for the treatment of textile materials, especially those for medical applications. 

Chlorine is the basis for the most commonly used bleaches, for example the solution of sodium hypochlorite, which is so ubiquitous that many people just call it bleach, and calcium hypochlorite. Oxidizing bleaching agents that do not contain chlorine are often based on peroxides, such as hydrogen peroxide, sodium percarbonate, and sodium perborate. 

While most bleaches are oxidizing agents, a lesser nnmber are reducing agents, such as sodium dithionite. Chemically, color in most dyes and pigments is produced by molecules which contain chromophores. To remove color, chemical bleaches work in one of two ways. 

Dyeing is the process of adding color to textile products such as fibers, yams, and fabrics. Dyeing is normally done in a special solution containing dyes and other chemicals so that the dye molecules can penetrate into the fiber stmcture. Temperature and time controlling are two key factors in dyeing. 

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A. Boidin/J.Effront 1924 Amylase, protease, lipase Treatment of textile fabrics or fibers... 

Use Urea and melamine resins, polyacetal resins, phenolic resins, ethylene glycol, pentaerythritol, hexamethylenetetramine, fertilizer, disinfectant, biocide, embalming fluids, preservative, reducing agent as in recovery of gold and silver, corrosion inhibitor in oil wells, durable-press treatment of textile fabrics, industrial sterilant, treatment of grain smut, foam insulation, particle board, plywood, a versatile chemical intermediate. 

With the vulgarization of antimicrobial treatment of textile fabrics, simple methods to quantify the evaluated the link efGcacy, and durability performance will be needed. The biological tests are usually inexistent in textile plant and their specific requisites allow that need to be made by controlled biological laboratories out of textile facilities. 

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