Transplantation, as treatment

Hematopoietic stem cell transplants as treatment for glial disease 513... 

Higenbottam TW, Spiegelhalter D, Scott JP, Fuster V, Dinh-Xuan AT, Caine N, Wallwork J. Prostacyclin (epo-prostenol) and heart-lung transplantation as treatments for severe pulmonary hypertension. Br Heart J 1993 70(4) 366-70. 

Wong R, Giralt S, Martin T, et al. Reduced-intensity conditioning for unrelated donor hematopoietic stem cell transplantation as treatment for myeloid mahgnancies in patients older than 55 years. Blood 2003 102 3052-3059. 

Bjortuft 0, Foerster A, Boe J, Geiran O (1994) Single lung transplantation as treatment for end-stage pulmonary sarcoidosis recurrence of sarcoidosis in two different lung allografts in one patient. J Heart Lung Transplant 13 24-29... 

Treatment for chronic benzene poisoning is supportive and symptomatic, with chemotherapy and bone marrow transplants as therapeutic agents for leukemia and aplastic anemia (127). 

A 45-year-old female has a bone marrow transplant for treatment of ovarian cancer Cyclosporine is given as an immunosuppressant What is the mechanism of action of cyclosporine ... 

Several CSF preparations have gained regulatory approval (Table 10.2). G-CSF and GM-CSF have proven useful in the treatment of neutropenia. All three CSF types are (or are likely to be) useful also in the treatment of infectious diseases, some forms of cancer and the management of bone marrow transplants, as they stimulate the differentiation/activation of white blood cell types most affected by such conditions. 

Krivit, W., Peters, C. and Shapiro, E. G. Bone marrow transplantation as effective treatment of central nervous system disease in globoid cell leukodystrophy, metachro-matic leukodystrophy, adrenoleukodystrophy, mannosidosis, fucosidosis, aspartylglucosaminuria, Hurler, Maroteaux-Lamy, and Sly syndromes, and Gaucher disease type III. Curr. Opin. Neurol. 12 167-176,1999. 

Robertson RP. Medical progress islet transplantation as a treatment for diabetes - a work in progress. N Engl J Med 2004 350 694-705. 

A total of 12 patients (six in each of the two treatment groups) underwent cardiac transplantation during the study. One issue was how to deal with these patients in the analysis as receiving a transplant will impact on the survival prospects for that patient. In the primary analysis these patients were censored at the time of transplantation. As a sensitivity analysis, the eventual time to death (or censoring at the end of follow-up) was included in the analysis the conclusions were essentially unchanged. 

Hepatocyte transplantation is being explored as an alternative to whole-organ transplantation. In addition, gene transfer therapy is being developed for familial hypercholesterolemia. A non-invasive method to serially assess the metabolic status and proliferation of hepa-tocytes transferred as treatment for end-stage liver disease or genetic... 

It has been well known for a long time that the renewal of the comeal epithelium depends on the lim-bal stem cells. At first considered as a simple theory [7], supported by several publications [8, 14], the lim-bal stem cells are now coimnonly used in transplantation as a treatment to numerous pathologies including bums. This transplantation of limbal stem cells is one of the rare successful cases of therapeutic use of stem cells for human patients [7]. 

Many attempts have been made to link monoclonal antibodies specific for antigenic determinants on cancer cells to protein toxins such as ricin (Box 29-A). It is hoped that this may provide an effective way of carrying toxins into cancer cells/ 1 r Therapeutic human monoclonal antibodies are already in use as antirejection drugs for kidney transplantation, for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, Crohn disease, and for some types of cancer/... 

Originally developed for chemotherapy, azathioprine is used today mainly as an immunosuppressive agent and rarely as an antineoplastic drug. It was introduced as an immunosuppressive agent by a British pioneer of tissue transplantation, Roy Caine. Azathioprine was used to prevent rejection after tissue transplantation as a replacement for 6-mercaptopurine because it was less toxic. In addition to tissue transplantation, it is also used for rheumatoid arthritis and Crohn s disease. Azathioprine is a prodrug which in the body is converted to its active metabolites 6-mercaptopurine and 6-thioinosinic acid. Until the discovery of cyclosporine, azathioprine in combination with steroids was the standard treatment to prevent rejection after tissue transplantation. 

There are many retinal diseases for which currently no effective treatment exists. The potential usefulness of rednal transplantation as a heatment option can be explored once the knowledge of the parameters determining the immunologic rejection of allogeneic retinal hansplant and biologic mechanisms of cells transplanted into subretinal space are better known. 

Most patients with both Type 1 and Type 2 succumb to either the macrovascular or microvascular complications — especially ischaemic heart disease and diabetic nephropathy, respectively. Indeed diabetes is the major indication for dialysis and transplantation. As discussed in other chapters, the treatment of hypertension and hyperUpidaemia is particularly important in patients with diabetes. Patients with diabetic nephropathy should receive either an ACE inhibitor or angiotensin receptor... 

Nowak, G., Westermark, R, Wernerson, A., Herlenius, G., Sletten, K., Ericzon, B.G. Liver transplantation as rescue treatment in a patient with primary AL kappa amyloidosis. Transpl. Internal. 2000 13 92-97... 

---