Transparent conductive glasses

Dye-sensitized solar cells are typically fabricated upon transparent conducting glass substrates, enabling light irradiance through this substrate under... 

The rate of electron transport in dye-sensitized solar cells is a major element of the overall efficiency of the cells. The injected electrons into the conduction band, from optically excited dye, can traverse the Ti(>2 network and can be collected at the transparent conducting glass or can react either with oxidized dye molecule or with the oxidized redox couple (recombination). The reaction of injected electrons into the conduction band with the oxidized redox mediator gives undesirable dark currents, reducing significantly the charge-collection efficiency, and thereby decreasing the total efficiency of the cell (Fig. 7). 

In the actual experiment, size-selected silver ions are softly landed on a transparent conductive glass plate covered with fine grains of silver bromide with a diameter of about 1 fan the cluster ions are rapidly neutralized to... 

The rate of electron transport in dye-sensitized solar cell is a major element of the overall efficiency of the cells. The electrons injected into the conduction band from optically excited dye, can traverse the Ti02 network and can be collected at the transparent conducting glass or can react... 

Transparent conductive gfass Pt catalyst Dye-sensitized nc-TiO Transparent conductive glass... 

The purpose of the substrate is to effectively transport the generated electrons at the anode to the external circuit, finally arriving at the cathode for the reduction reactions, such as oxygen reduction and proton reduction. The requirements for the suitable substrates include high stability in the used electrolyte and low electrical resistance. Substrates also provide necessary support to anchor photocatalyst materials and facilitate electron collection. In the reported literatures, transparent conducting glass, titanium substrate, and carbon materials are the major substrates for the deposition of photocatalyst layers. 

In most cases, transparent conducting glasses, for example, FTO (fluorine-doped tin oxide) and ITO (indium-tin oxide), are preferred to be used as the substrate. The use of FTO and ITO glass... 

Prior to the photocatalyst deposition, the transparent conducting glass is usually required to be cleaned in order to remove possible contaminants. A typical procedure of glass cleaning is described as follow the glass is ultrasonically cleaned in distilled water, ethanol, and acetone, and then naturally dried in air. The clean surface will ensure the successful coating of photocatalyst and enhance the adhesion between the transparent conductive oxide layer and the photocatalyst layer. 

Similar to transparent conducting glasses, a titanium substrate has to be cleaned before the growth of nano-structured Ti02 materials. A typical titanium pretreatment process can be found in published literatures (Liu et al., 201 la). In brief, it is first cleaned with acetone followed by absolute ethanol. Then it is washed with distilled water. Afterwards, it is boiled in 10 wt.% oxalic acid for 30 min to remove the potential oxide layer. Finally, it is ultrasonically cleaned in water for 15 min followed by air-drying in the atmosphere. 

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