Translational cells

Selkoe, DJ (1999) Translating cell biology into therapeutic advances in Alzheimer s disease. 

Dong, Z., and Zhang, J. T. (2006). Initiation factor eIF3 and regulation of mRNA translation, cell growth, and cancer. Crit. Rev. Oncol. Hematol. 59, 169—180. 

Ramakrishnan, V. (2002) Ribosome structure and the mechanism of translation. Cell 108, 557-572. 

The final step is cell-lfee translation. Cell-free translation of proteins can be achieved using three different modes (11,12,15,16) ... 

Selkoe, D. J. (1999). Translating cell biology into therapeutic advances in Alzheimer s disease. Nature 399(6738 Suppl.), A23-A31. 

Equations (7.53) simplify if the system has point-group or translational symmetry. Then local basis functions of equivalent cells are related to those of a smaller number of generating cells by phase factors and elementary rotations. Considering only translational symmetry, it is convenient to index cells in a reference translational cell by indices /x, etc. and to index translated equivalent cells by the corresponding indices jl, etc., such that the displacement of cell if, relative to cell t,... 

Refers to the Miller indices (Shkl) values) that are absent from the diffraction pattern. For instance, a body-centered cubic lattice with no other screw axes and glide planes will have a nonzero intensity for all reflections where the sum oi Qi + k + 1) yields an odd number, such as (100), (111), etc. other reflections from planes in which the sum of their Miller indices are even, such as (110), (200), (211), etc. will be present in the diffraction pattern. As these values indicate, there are three types of systematic absences three-dimensional absences (true for all hkl) resulting from pure translations (cell centering), two-dimensional absences from glide planes, and one-dimensional absences from screw axes.[261... 

Kalai M, et al. The caspase-generated fragments of PKR cooperate to activate full-length PKR and inhibit translation. Cell Death Differ. 2007 14 1050-1059. 

The flow of genetic information in normal cells is from DNA to RNA to protein. The synthesis of RNA from a DNA template is called transcription, whereas the synthesis of a protein from an RNA template is termed translation. Cells contain several kinds of RNA messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA), which vary in size from 75 to more than 5000 nucleotides. All cellular RNA is synthesized by RNA polymerase according to instructions given by DNA templates. The activated intermediates are ribonucleoside triphosphates and the direction of... 

Moore, M.J. and Proudfoot, N.J. (2009) Pre-mRNA processing reaches back to transcription and ahead to translation. Cell, 136 (4), 688-700. 

The phosphoinositol-3-kinase (PI3-K)/Akt signaling pathway is a major prosurvival pathway within the cell. Activated by a number of cellular stimuli and external signals, this pathway regulates key cellular functions such as proliferation, growth, transcription, translation, cell cycle, and apoptosis. Notably, PI3-K/Akt signaling is frequently disrupted in human cancers and plays a major role not only in tumor growth, but also in the response to cancer treatment. 

Thrift, R.N., Andrews, D.W, Walter, R, and Johnson, A.E., A nascent membrane protein is located adjacent to ER membrane proteins throughout its integration and translation, /. Cell Biol., 112,5, 809,1991. 

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