Transition metal-containing polymers types

Inclusion of the MNPs in the conducting polymers represents a good alternative for obtaining an attractive class of materials that combines redox properties of the conducting polymer and those of the metal ions (Wolf 2001). The systems formed by transition metal-containing polymers present some possible arrangements of the MNPs near and onto the backbone. From this point of view, these compounds may be classified into three major types, which are illustrated in Scheme 17.2. 

We recently reported the synthesis of transition metal containing polyamides and polyureas [9], utilizing low temperature interfacial and solution techniques. We have now attempted to extend the solution method to the synthesis of boron containing polymers, viz. [lO]. These polymers are of increasing interest as potential precursors for B-N-C type ceramic materials [10], particularly in fiber form. 

Several variations of the above approach have been tried. For example, condensation of a butadiyne-linked diplatinum derivative with aryl diacetylenes leads to the formation of polymers containing the transition metal and two types of acetylide motifs in the chain structure (Fig. 8.35) [67]. 

Development of a theoretical basis for the influence of coordination bonds that are formed by transition metals with functional groups of a monomer or with a polymer radical would ensure the possibility of efficiently regulating the stereochemistry of radical polymerization. Since the corresponding database is absent, we did not focus in this review on the manifestation of different types of unit variability in one metal-containing polymer (e.g., that caused by the different valence states of the transition metal ions in some units and the diversity of their chemical binding in other imits) or on their multiple character of copolymers. 

This volume begins with a general review that includes an overview of the general types of polymers already synthesized. Different approaches to their synthesis and background information are included to help the reader to understand transition metal-containing macromolecules. This information provides an introduction to both Volumes 6 and 7 of this series. Activity in this important area is increasing exponentially. New materials, properties, synthetic routes, and common applications constitute the root of this rapid development. 

Two major approaches to the formation of materials of this type have involved the derivatization of preformed organic polymers with organometallic functions and the synthesis and polymerization of organometallic monomers that contain vinyl substituents For the transition metals, condensation polymerizations have also been investigated. However, the reactions have generally been conducted at elevated temperatures, and the resulting products have often not... 

The counter-ions of some of the quaternary onium groups were exchanged with an anionic phosphine compound, which was then used to complex palladium. Thus, a polymer material containing phase transfer catalyst and transition-metal catalyst groups was obtained (Fig. 20). The Heck-type vinyla-tion reaction [137] was used to examine the catalytic activity of the heterogeneous system. The polymer-supported catalyst was found to compare favourably with the homogeneous system (Fig. 21). 

Linear Werner-type coordination polymers are defined as linear polymers, the main chains of which contain coordinate covalent bonds of transition metals. In this article, we restrict the discussion to the linear coordination polymers which can exist as a stable form in solution and thus our purpose is somewhat complementary, for example, to review dimensional inorganic complexes such as those of Miller and Epsteinld). 

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