Transfer line layout

A furnace transfer line is the primary produa outlet header from a heater or furnace to a process tower. A typical vacuum tower transfer line layout is shown in Exhibit 7-47. Because many transfer lines tend to coke, the length of the line should be kept to a minimum. Quench oil injection near the furnace outlet is another means of reducing line coking. As shown in the ex-... 

The/low line layout uses the train or line system, which locates all the equipment in the order in which it occurs on the flow sheet. This minimizes the length of transfer lines and, therefore, reduces the energy needed to transport materials. This system is used extensively in the pharmaceutical industry, where each batch of a drug that is produced must be kept separate from all other batches. In other industries it is used mainly for small-volume products.3... 

Furthermore, these resins will be produced in a more-complex plant than the 2-reactor production scenario described in the previous section. Figure 15.13 displays the equipment layout of the plant, which includes a single raw material transfer line (RMTL), four polymerization reactors, six wash vessels, two centrifuges, a large number of storage totes, and two dryers. Furthermore, the reactors, wash vessels, and centrifuges are split into two production suites (lines). Suite 1 includes two reactors (R-1 and R-2), three wash vessels (WV-1, WV-2, and WV-3), and one centrifuge... 

Figure 7.3 Layout of an SI unit based on an ImSpector (Speclm, SF) imaging spectrograph A near-IR camera with two-dimensional-InGaAs chip (e), B ImSpector with line aperture (b), transfer optics (c) and PGP spectral analyser component (d) C view optics D sample plane with observation line (a). Reproduced with permission from Speclm after an optical rendering.

The flowability of the final blend is also critical during transfer from the IBC to the press/ encapsulation machine/etc. This transfer step may be a manual transfer (hand-scooping), in which case flowability may not be a primary concern. The transfer step may also be conducted via pneumatic conveying, in which case the flowability of the blend may not be a primary concern, but equipment and material parameters affecting conveying (conveying gas pressure and flow rate, conveying line diameter and layout, etc.) need to be considered. 

Figure 7 -64 shows an example. This arrangement is really a high capacity steam trap. In the layout, the top of the condensate pot should be at least in line with the bottom of the exchanger to avoid flooding the tubes with condensate and adversely affecting the exchanger heat transfer duty. 

Layout Tools The first step in prototype fabrication is transferring measurements from the drawing and laying them out on the material. Figure 8-13 shows common hand tools—a steel rule and a tape measure—used for measuring and layout. These measuring tools are typically graduated in. 1/16-inch measures. Tri squares or combination squares are used to transfer perpendicular lines to the material. For lumber, the transfer is marked with a pencil. If the material is metal, a scratch awl is used. 

OfF-hne systems just require a fraction collection device with manual transfer and reinjection of the first dimension fractions into the second instrument. In on-line 2D systems, the fraction transfer is preferentially done by automatic transfer. Figure 2a shows the general layout and Fig. 2b shows a picture of an automated two-dimensional chromatography instrument as used by the author. 

Fuel handling system. The transfer piping is heat traced to maintain the fuel at the elevated temperature to reduce pumping costs. Further, fuel recirculation lines are provided to establish and maintain the desired operating temperatures. The plant layout considerations and need for hydraxdic transient analysis bsted in the section on naphtha are also appUcable here. 

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