Training civil defense

Although government officials attempted to educate the public and military personnel about atomic civil defense, in retrospect these efforts seem hopelessly naive if not intentionally misleading. Army training films advised soldiers to keep their mouths closed while obser"ving atomic test blasts in order to not inhale radioactive flying dirt. Civil defense films used a friendly animated turtle to teach schoolchildren to duck and cover during a nuclear attack—that is, duck under their desks and cover their heads. Such measures, of course, would have offered pitiful protection to those in the blast zone. 

We still consider evacuation a valid concept. There has been some misunderstanding as to the relationship between evacuation and shelter. In the early days of civil defense we advocated both. We still advocate both, in this sense—we say that every target area should have a well-developed evacuation plan in which the people are trained. Whether they are to be directed to use the plan, or to go to shelter, is a decision for local government, depending upon the circumstances of the threat and the availability of shelter. 

On January 18, 2002, a Canadian Pacific freight train derailed outside Minot, North Dakota. Five of the cars carried anhydrous ammonia. Leaking ammonia killed one person and sent dozens of others to hospitals for treatment. Ten of those seeking treatment were admitted to the hospital. Some local residents were evacuated, while others were asked to shelter in place. Civil defense sirens and local radio and television stations alerted residents. 

Unmacht and nearly all of his officers, including several newcomers in the theater, together with 2d Lt. Edouard R. L. Doty, who gave up the post of territorial civil defense director to be commissioned, became involved in extensive civil defense training. Unmacht, promoted to colonel on 12 December 1941 and made territorial co-ordinator for gas defense in January, gave almost 300 public talks and radio broadcasts. A total of 68,000 civilians attended schools for specialized chemical warfare defense. After the middle of 1942 civil defense ac-... 

The CWS in the Central Pacific devoted a major part of its attention during World War II to special projects and technical developments. The first special project, as recounted above, was the equipping and training of civilians in gas defense. In connection with this first project, CWS officers. Medical Corps officers, and civil defense officials developed, tested, and supervised the manufacture of gas protective hoods for small children. The hoods were made more attractive for children by the addition of "bunny ears. Officials also supplied the "bunny hood to patients in the leper colony on Molokai Island. 

In the last decade, some coordinated educational campaigns have been undertaken under the umbrella of the Civil Defense Department (DPC). EDURISK, for example, is a school-oriented group of initiatives since 2002 it trained about 3,000 teachers that reached about 60,000 students, in seismic and less seismic areas of the country. More recently, lONONRISCHIO, an awareness campaign for the reduction of seismic risk promoted by DPC, ANPAS (The Public Assistance Italian Association), INGV, OGS, ReL-UIS (The Laboratories University Network of Seismic Engineering), which takes place every year in the squares of Italian municipalities in the 2013 edition over 200 Itahan cities have been reached. 

Virginia That a well regulated militia, composed of the body of the people, trained to arms, is the proper, natural, and safe defense of a free state, therefore, the right of the people to keep and bear arms shall not be infringed that standing armies, in time of peace, should be avoided as dangerous to liberty and that in all cases the military should be under strict subordination to, and governed by, the civil power. (Article I, Section 13)... 

The Soviet Union is considered to be well-equipped in the chemical warfare area. Evidence of delivery systems, weapons development, protective systems, realistic operational training, and extensive civil defence training support the existence of a Soviet capability to operate in a toxic environment which exceeds that of the US or our NATO allies. .. I would be less than candid, however, if I did not state that the question remains as to whether the Soviet Union s capability represents its keeping open an option to initiate offensive chemical warfare operations or is merely a hedge against the possibility that the US might use chemical warfare and is therefore a deterrent and a defensive capability. . 

---