Total organic halogen , water

Groundwater Industrial contamination of ground water reserves Reduction of total organic halogens (TOX) and adsorbable organic halogens (AOX) including chloroform, tetrachloroethylene, and trichloroethylene... 

Sjostrom, L., R. Radestrom, G.E. Carlberg, and A. Kringstad. 1985. Comparison of two methods for the determination of total organic halogen (TOX) in receiving waters. Chemosphere 14 1107-1113. 

Removal of oil and hydrocarbon contaminations from recycled steam condensate for boiler feed water Reduction of total organic halogens and adsorbable organic halogens in industrial reserves of contaminated groundwater Process effluent treatment to meet the environmental legislation Removal of residual ozone and control of chloramine levels... 

AOX adsorbable organic halogen compounds. The total concentration in milligrams per litre, expressed as chlorine, of all halogen compounds (except fluorine) present in a sample of water that are capable of being adsorbed on activated carbon... 

Total organic halides (TOX) measure the gross quantity of halogenated hydrocarbons (e.g., pesticides, solvents, halogenated organics) in water. 

Potable Water Treatment. Treatment of drinking water accounts for about 24% of the total activated carbon used in Hquid-phase apphcations (74). Rivers, lakes, and groundwater from weUs, the most common drinking water sources, are often contaminated with bacteria, vimses, natural vegetation decay products, halogenated materials, and volatile organic compounds. Normal water disinfection and filtration treatment steps remove or destroy the bulk of these materials (75). However, treatment by activated carbon is an important additional step in many plants to remove toxic and other organic materials (76—78) for safety and palatability. 

Chlorinated micropoUutants are harmful for man and environment due to their toxicity, persistence, and bioaccumulation. Persistent compounds are very stable and difficult to get metabolized and mineralized by biological and chemical processes in the environment, and as a result, they have become ubiquitous in water, sediments, and the atmosphere bioaccumulation is the result of the lipophilicity of these compounds. Polychlorinated dibenzodioxins and -furans (PCDD/F) are not produced purposely like many of other chlorinated technical products, such as chlorinated biocides DDT, lindane, and toxaphene. The production and use of persistent organic pollutants (POPs), the dirty dozen has now been banned worldwide by the Stockholm protocol. It should be mentioned that about 3000 halogenated products have now been isolated as natural products in plants, microorganisms, and animals," but the total amount of these products is much smaller compared to xenobiotics. 

Sebastiano, G., V. Rebizzi, E. Bellelli, et al. 1995. Total halogenated organic (TOX) measurement in ground waters treated with hypochlorite and chlorine dioxide. Initial results of an experiment carried out in Emilia-Romagna (Italy). Water Res. 29 1207-1209. 

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