Total antioxidant status

Amao MB, Cano A, Hemandez-Ruiz J, Garcia-Canovas F and Acosta M. 1996. Inhibition by L-ascorbic acid and other antioxidants of the 2,2 -azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) oxidation catalyzed by peroxidase a new approach for determining total antioxidant status of foods. Anal Biochem 236(2) 255—261. 

Rice-Evans C and Miller, NJ. 1994. Total antioxidant status in plasma and body fluids. Methods Enzymol 234 279-293. 

The reaction of peroxidase (metmyoglobin) with hydrogen peroxide leads to the generation of a green-blue radical from a colorless compound 2,2 -azino-(u s(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS). It is slowed down in the presence of an antioxidant, an effect that is used for its quantitation in the Total Antioxidant Status Kit (manufacturer Randox, UK) [10]. Problems associated with this method are due to potential interference of the reaction compound H202 with components of the sample to be investigated. No investigation of fat-soluble compounds is possible. 

Oxidant production (e.g., dihydroethidium, dichlorofluor-escein), antioxidant changes (e.g., glutathione = mono-chlorobimane), antioxidant system enzyme, resistance to dye oxidation (e.g., total antioxidant status), macromolec-ular oxidation byproducts (e.g., malondialdehyde, hydro-xynonenal, 8-hydroxyguanosine)... 

The effect of PJ consumption by patients with CAS on their serum oxidative state was measured also as serum concentration of antibodies against Ox-LDL.31 A significant (p < 0.01) reduction in the concentration of antibodies against Ox-LDL by 24 and 19% was observed after 1 and 3 months of PJ consumption, respectively (from 2070 61 EU/mL before treatment to 1563 69 and 1670 52 F.lI/mL after 1 and 3 months of PJ consumption, respectively). Total antioxidant status (TAS) in serum from these patients was substantially increased by 2.3-fold (from 0.95 0.12 nmol/L at baseline up to 2.20 0.25 nmol/L after 12 months of PJ consumption). These results indicate that PJ administration to patients with CAS substantially reduced their serum oxidative status and could thus inhibit plasma lipid peroxidation. The susceptibility of the patient s plasma to free radical-induced oxidation decreased after 12 months of PJ consumption by 62% (from 209 18 at baseline to 79 6 nmol of peroxides/milliliter). The effect of PJ consumption on serum oxidative state was recently measured also in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). Consumption of 50 mL of PJ per day for a period of 3 months resulted in a significant reduction in serum lipid peroxides and thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBAR) levels by 56 and 28%, respectively.32... 

PJ consumption exhibited antioxidative effects also when administered to E° mice.28 The basal oxidative state, measured as lipid peroxides in plasma of control E° mice (that did not consume PJ), increased gradually during aging from 260 nmol/mL of plasma at 6 weeks of age to 309 and 535 nmol/mL of plasma after 9 and 14 weeks of age, respectively. Following PJ consumption, plasma lipid peroxidation was markedly reduced, and this effect was PJ concentration dependent (Figure 8.3B). Similarly, serum total antioxidant status was higher in E° mice that consumed PJ in comparison to control mice, and this effect was again juice concentration dependent.28... 

EDTA, Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid TAS, total antioxidant status TRAP, total peroxyl-radical-trapping antioxidant capability of plasma ABAP, 2,2 -azobis(2-amidopropane) FRAP, ferric-reducing activity of plasma H2-DCF-DA, 2, 7 -dichlorofluorescein diacetate ORAC, oxygen-radical-absorbing capacity ABTS, 2,2 -azinobis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid). 

B17. Bocci, V., Valacchi, G., Corradeschi, F., and Fanetti, G., Studies on the biological effects of ozone 8. Effects on the total antioxidant status and on interleukin-8 production. Mediators Inflamm. 1, 313-317 (1998). 

D6. DiSilvestro, R. A., Blostein-Fujii, A., and Watts, B., Low phytonutrient, semipurified liquid diets depress plasma total antioxidant status in renal dialysis patients. Nutr. Res. 19,1173-1177 (1999). 

D9. Drury, J. A., Nycyk, J. A., Baines, M., and Cooke, R. W. I., Does total antioxidant status relate to outcome in very preterm infants Clin. Sci. 94, 187-201 (1998). 

Gil. Goldberg, D. M., Hoffman, B., Yang, J., and Soleas, G. J., Phenolic constituents, furans, and total antioxidant status of distilled spirits. J. Agric. Food Chem. 47, 3978-3985 (1999). 

HI. Hadas, E., and Stankiewicz, M., Superoxide dismutase and total antioxidant status of larvae and adults of Trichostrongylus colubriformis, Haemonchus contortus and Ostertagia circumcincta. Parasitol. Res. 84, 646-650 (1998). 

LI. Laight, D. W., Gunnarsson, P. T., Kaw, A. V., Anggard, E. E., and Carrier, M. J., Physiological microarray of plasma total antioxidant status in a model of endothelial dysfunction in the rat following experimental oxidant stress in vivo. Em. Toxicol. Pharmacol. 7,27-31 (1999). 

M29. Mun, K. C., Total antioxidant status and antioxidant enzymes in cyclosporine treated rats. Transplant. Proc. 32, 2007-2008 (2000). 

N4. Newaz, M. A., and Nawal, N. N., Effect of alpha-tocopherol on lipid peroxidation and total antioxidant status in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Am. J. Hypertens. 11, 1480—1485... 

P15. Polak, G., Koziol-Montewka, M., Gogacz, M., Blaszkowska, I., and Kotarski, J., Total antioxidant status of peritoneal fluid in infertile women. Eur. J. Obstet. Gynecol. Reprod. Biol. 94, 261-263 (2001). 

P16. Popadiuk, S., Korzon, M., Renke, J., and Wozniak, M., Carbonyl groups content on the basis of protein peroxidation analysis with total antioxidant status in blood of children with cancers. Wiad. Lek. 51(Suppl. 4), 107-112 (1998). 

Schofied, D., and Braganza, J. M., Shortcomings of an automated assay for total antioxidant status in biological fluids. Clin. Chem. 42, 1712-1714 (1996). 

VI. Valabhji, J., McColl, A. J., Richmond, W., Schachter, M., Rubens, M. B., and Elkeles, R. S., Total antioxidant status and coronary artery calcification in type 1 diabetes. Diabetes Care 24, 1608-1613 (2001). 

Wll. Winkler, R., Griebenow, S., and Wonisch, W., Effect of iodide on total antioxidant status of human serum. Cell. Biochem. Fund. 18, 143—146 (2000). 

Zl. Zachwieja, J., Dobrowolska-Zachwieja, A., Bobkowski, W., Strzykala, K., Niklas, A., Zaniew, M., and Maciejewski, J., Dietary antioxidants and total antioxidant status in children with nephrotic syndrome. Pol. Merkuriusz Lek. 10, 237-240 (2001). 

Schulpis KH, Tsakiris S, Karikas GA, Moukas M, Behrakis P. Effect of diet on plasma total antioxidant status in phenyfketonuric patients. Eur J Clin Nutr 2003 57 383-387. 

Schulpis KH, Tsakiris S, Traeger-Synodinos J, Papassotiriou I. Low total antioxidant status is imphcated with high 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine serum concentrations in phenylketonuria. Clin Biochem 2005 38 239-242. 

Rice-Evans, C., Miller, N.J. and Paganga, G. Structure-antioxidant activity relationships of flavonoids and phenolic acids. Free Radio. Biol. Med. 20, 933-956 (1996). Rice-Evans, C. and Miller, N.J. Total antioxidant status in plasma and body fluids. Methods in Enzymology 234, 279-293 (1994). 

Control group, n = 30 (11 males and 19 females), age 50.87 7.68, BMI 28.95 3.65 activities and total antioxidant status decreased serum malondialdehyde concentration No effects on insulin and erythrocyte catalase activity ... 

---