Titanium oxide particles

X-ray diffraction conducted on the codeposited powder revealed that the deposit obtained from a suspension of gamma alumina, which had been partially converted to the alpha phase, contained both phases of alumina. Whereas, the powder codeposited from a suspension having a 50 50 mixture of alpha to gamma alumina powder, consisted only of the alpha phase. Using a parallel plate electrode configuration, Chen et al. [31] concluded that only alpha alumina can be codeposited. Chen also observed a difference in codeposition with copper when using two different phases of the titanium oxide particle system rutile readily codeposited but anatase titania did not... 

Titanium dioxide is used in paints because of its pure white color. When the sun is out, the titanium oxide particles can absorb the solar radiation and use this energy to promote its electrons to an excited, more reactive state. These electrons then act like tiny electron sources on diminutive batteries to break down organic pollutants, molecule by molecule. So as in the Aesop tale—the quarrel between the sun and the wind as to which was the stronger—that which resists force can often be conquered by gentle persuasion. The warm, welcome light of the sun. 

Abruna HD (1991) X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy in the Study of Electrochemical Systems. In Electrochemical Interfaces. Abruna HD (ed) VCH Publishers, New York Albertini G, Carsughi F, Casale C, Fiori F, La Monaca A, Musci M (1993) X-ray and neutron small-angle scattering Investigation of nanophase vanadium-titanium oxide particles. Phil Mag B 68 949-955 Alexandrowicz Z (1993) How to reconcile classical nucleation theory with cluster-cluster aggregation. Physica A 200 250-257... 

A. Tuel, L. G. Hubert-Pfalzgraf, Nanometric monodispersed titanium oxide particles on mesoporous silica synthesis, characterization, and catalytic activity in oxidation reactions in the liquid phase, /. Catal. 217 (2003) 343. 

It is elaborated, that the generation of titanium oxide species of tailored and uniform size into Si-MCM-41 as host material does not only depend on the amount of titanium compounds added in one step, but also on the repeated addition and hydrolysis of the titanium compound in consecutive steps. Anatase nanoparticles of a well-defined size of up to 3 nm, Ti(IV) oxide oligomers and mononuclear Ti(IV) oxide species, respectively, were generated without a substantial etmichment of titanium oxide particles on the external surface of the Si-MCM-41 host. Depending on the size and content of the Ti(lV) oxide species, the fluorescence of co-impregnated dye molecules was statically quenched to varying extent. 

Fig. 3.19. (a) Calibrated silica particles of diameter 500 nm obtained by the Stober process, (b) Titanium oxide particles adapted to paint applications (mean diameter 200 nm). (c) Titanium oxide fibres of thickness 200 nm and length several microns, usable as a catalyst. The objects in (b) and (c) were obtained from the same titanium salt precursor solution, but under different conditions (photo courtesy of Rhone Poulenc)... 

New architectures for DSSCs include new photoanodes [9]. The expectation is that the transport of photogenerated electrons along new nanostructured materials, such as nanowires or nanotubes, will be faster than in a network of sintered titanium oxide particles. The random walk of electrons through the nanoparticle particles limits the collection of charges to the millisecond timescale. Reducing the... 

Certain et al. reported the results of Ni-ion irradiation tests on 14 YWT at —75,100, 300, 450, and 600°C [107]. The analysis shows that the Y-Ti-0 oxide clusters were dissolved into a solid solution at only —75°C irradiation up to 100 dpa, somewhat similar to the dissolution of the initial yttrium and titanium oxide particles dissolution... 

One example of the variation of the zeta potential with both pH and salt concentration is shown in Figure 10.13 for the titanium oxide particles, a well-known hydrophilic pigment, often used in paints (organic pigments are hydrophobic). The lEP where the potential is zero is around 7 in this case. The particles will aggregate close to this pH as the electrostatic repulsion will be very weak. We have positively charged surfaces at pH < lEP and negative ones at pH > lEP. 

Figure 6 shows a SEM photograph of TAS. The surface of TAS was covered by titanium oxide particles of about 5 to 10 nm. The film thickness of the titanium oxide layer calculated from the density and loading amount of titanium oxide and the surface area of the substrate, was 1.7 nm. Therefore, surface properties of the TAS are susceptible to the silica fiber substrate. 

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