Tissue engineering cell culture

Keywords Tissue engineering Cell culture Poly(A-isopropyl acrylamide) Biohybrid material Heparin Star-poly(ethylene glycol) Angiogenesis... 

Chitosan hydrogen scaffolds were designed in this study as carriers for antibiotics and showed a steady release of the medication. Three-dimensional chitosan matrices have been shown to be excellent tissue engineering scaffolds for cell attachment and growth. Chitosan has a scalloped structure and has been used in tissue engineering to culture hepatocytes, fibroblasts and cartilage cells because of its ability to promote cell attachment and growth [207-209]. 

Johns, D. E., Athanasiou, K. A. 2007b. improving culture conditions for temporomandibular joint disc tissue engineering. Cells Tissues Organs 185(4) 246-57. 

Tissue engineering Scaffolds cultured with chondrocytes, mesenchymal stem cells, keratinocytes, and endothelial cells are used for cartilage, bone, skin, and vessel repair. [38, 55-60]... 

Another example was done by Opitz et al. They utilized P4HB scaffolds to produce viable ovine blood vessels, and then implanted the blood vessels in the systemic circulation of sheep. Enzymatically derived vascular smooth muscle cells (vSMC) were seeded on the scaffolds both under pulsatile flow and static conditions. Mechanical properties of bioreactor-cultured blood vessels which were obtained from tissue engineering approached those of native aorta. 

Along with the production of insulin, many other medical uses have been achieved for recombinant DNA. This includes the production of erythropoetin, a hormone used to stimulate production of red blood cells in anemic people tissue plasminogen activator, an enzyme that dissolves blood clots in heart attack victims and antihemophilic human factor VIII, used to prevent and control bleeding for hemophiliacs. These three important genetically engineered proteins were all cloned in hamster cell cultures. 

The ex vivo expansion of hematopoietic cells is a rapidly growing area of tissue engineering with many potential applications in medicine. During the last few years a variety of bioreactor concepts and cultivation strategies have been developed, but no final decision has been made about the optimal system for hematopoietic culture. 

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