Tissue autopsied

Williams DT, LeBel GL, Junkins E. 1984. A comparison of organochlorine residues in human adipose tissue autopsy samples from two Ontario municipalities. J Toxicol Environ Health 13 19-29. 

Concentration of organochlorines in human brain, liver, and adipose tissue autopsy samples from Greenland. Environ. Health Perspect. 107, 107-110. 

E. Dewailly, G. Mulvad, H.S. Pedersen, P. Ayotte, A. Demers, J.P. Weber, and J.C. Hansen, Concentration of organochlorines in human brain, liver, and adipose tissue autopsy samples from Greenland. Environ. Health Perspect. 107 823, 1999. 

Necrotic tissue Autopsy tissues may be suboptimal for immunocytochemical studies due to compromised antigen preservation. 

As shown elsewhere [78], the determination of structure-activity relationships and receptor kinetics, extrapolatable to man, requires the use of Na /K -ATPase preparations from human tissues. Autopsy preparations are perfectly suitable when taken within 12 hours post-mortem [78,79]. The enzyme should be only partially purified to avoid the various possible artefacts of intensive purification procedures [80-82]. The interaction of cardiac glycosides and NaYK -ATPase is controlled by Na, Mg, and... 

The blistering caused by mustard gas results from the high local concentrations of HCl produced when mustard comes into contact with water—or any other nucleophile—on skin or in lung tissue. Autopsies of soldiers killed by mustard gas in World War I revealed that they had extremely low white blood cell counts and defects in bone marrow development, indicating profound effects on rapidly dividing cells. 

Tewari SN, Harplani SP. 1972. Detection of organo-phosphorus pesticide residues in autopsy tissues by thin layer chromatography. Proc Nat Acad Sci India 42(A) 287-292. 

Irregular respiration was observed in both male and female rats after a 4-hour nose-only inhalation exposure to aerosolized endosulfan (Hoechst 1983a). In both male and female rats, dyspnea was observed at the lowest concentrations tested (12.3 and 3.6 mg/m for males and females, respectively). Autopsies of the rats that died revealed dark-red, pinhead-sized foci on the lungs. It is unclear whether these effects represent direct effects of inhaled endosulfan on respiratory tissues or whether they are secondary to central nervous system effects on respiratory function. No treatment-related effects were... 

Diarrhea was observed in rats exposed for 5 days, 6 hours/day to both lethal and sublethal doses of P-endosulfan ( 250 mg/kg/day for males and i6 mg/kg/day for females) (Hoechst 1989b). Autopsy of animals from this study revealed that the mesenteric blood vessels of one of the surviving females exposed to 16 mg/kg/day were distended with blood, and that the small intestines of animals dying as a result of exposure were filled with a reddish fluid (500 mg/kg/day for males and 31.25 for mg/kg/day females). In contrast, no treatment-related effects were revealed by routine gross and histopathological examination of gastrointestinal tissues (stomach, small and large intestines, and pancreas) from rats exposed to doses of 27 mg/kg/day (females) and 81 mg/kg/day (males) for 30 days, 6 hours/day,... 

Studies in animals and autopsy findings of endosulfan and metabolites in various tissues in humans suggest that absorbed endosulfan is most readily distributed to adipose and brain tissue, but that the liver and kidney may be longer-term repositories of endosulfan and its metabolites. Endosulfan residues were found in fat of hospitalized Spanish children (Olea et al. 1999), but no studies were located regarding known or suspected differences between children and adults with respect to endosulfan distribution. 

Viral vaccines present problems of safety testing far more complex than those experienced with bacterial vaccines. With killed viral vaccines the potential hazards are those due to incomplete virus inactivation and the consequent presence of residual live virus in the preparation. The tests used to detect such live virus consist of the inoculation of susceptible tissue cultures and of susceptible animals. The cultures are examined for cytopathic effects and the animals for symptoms of disease and histological evidence of infection at autopsy. This test is of particular importance in inactivated poliomyelitis vaccine, the vaccine being injected intraspinally into monkeys. At autopsy, sections of brain and spinal cord are examined microscopically for the histological lesions indicative of proliferating poliovirus. 

Stroink, G., Lim, D. and Dunlap, RA. (1987). A Mossbauer-eflect study of autopsied lung tissue of asbestos workers. Phys. Med. Biol. 32, 203-211. 

A second approach might be to measure dopamine and serotonin along with their metabolites and other specific neuronal constituents such as tyrosine hydroxylase and tryptophan hydroxylase or uptake carrier sites in brain tissue obtained at autopsy. Accumulating data in this way might be a slow and tedious process, and drug dosing history might be uncertain and variable nonetheless, the approach deserves consideration. 

The authors have now reviewed in detail four cases of unexpected death following the use of neck holds in PCP-intoxicated individuals. In all of the cases, multiple carotid compression holds had been attempted, according to the history. Skin abrasions, hemorrhage into the soft tissues of the neck, and fractures of the hyoid bone and thyroid cartilage provide structural evidence of the application of substantial force to the neck. On autopsy, there has been no evidence of lethal injuries to the bronchial tree, bra in, or heart. 

Retention and Absorption Estimates in Animals Exposed to Americium Compounds by Inhalatidii 3-2. Absorption Estimates in Animals Exposed to Americium Compounds by Ingestion 3-3. Tissue Americium Levels from Human Autopsies... 

Table 3-3. Tissue Americium Levels from Human Autopsies...

Various cases of internal exposure to americium have been reported in which the exposures resulted from skin punctures with materials also containing plutonium. Information on the distribution of americium in these cases has been derived from the analysis of autopsy tissues. In most cases, the largest fraction of the 241 Am activity measured in the body was associated with tissues near the puncture wound. In one case,... 

Mclnroy JF, Kathren RL, Swint MJ, et al. 1988. Tissue 241Am content in a U.S. Transuranium Registry autopsy case eleven years after exposure from a glove box explosion. Health Phys 54(Suppl. 1) S26. 

Popplewell DS, Ham GJ. 1989. Distribution of plutonium and americium in tissues from a human autopsy case. J Radiol Prot 9(3) 159-164. 

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