Tires effect

Measurements of Stark splittings in microwave and radiofrequency spectra allow tliese components to be detennined. The main contribution to tire dipole moment of tire complex arises from tire pennanent dipole moment vectors of tire monomers, which project along tire axes of tire complex according to simple trigonometry (cosines). Thus, measurements of tire dipole moment convey infonnation about tire orientation of tire monomers in tire complex. It is of course necessary to take account of effects due to induced dipole moments and to consider whetlier tire effects of vibrational averaging are important. 

In homopolymers all tire constituents (monomers) are identical, and hence tire interactions between tire monomers and between tire monomers and tire solvent have the same functional fonn. To describe tire shapes of a homopolymer (in the limit of large molecular weight) it is sufficient to model tire chain as a sequence of connected beads. Such a model can be used to describe tire shapes tliat a chain can adopt in various solvent conditions. A measure of shape is tire dimension of tire chain as a function of the degree of polymerization, N. If N is large tlien tire precise chemical details do not affect tire way tire size scales witli N [10]. In such a description a homopolymer is characterized in tenns of a single parameter tliat essentially characterizes tire effective interaction between tire beads, which is obtained by integrating over tire solvent coordinates. 

The patli integrals in (C2.5.A10) may be evaluated using the spectmm of tire effective -body Hamiltonian... 

In practice, tliere are various ways by which ( ) can be detennined for a given sample, and tire results may be (slightly) different. In particular, for sterically stabilized particles, tire effective hard-sphere volume fraction will be different from tire value obtained from tire total solid content. 

Particularly in polar solvents, electrostatic charges usually have an important contribution to tire particle interactions. We will first discuss tire ion distribution near a single surface, and tlien tire effect on interactions between two colloidal particles. 

From an electrochemical viewpoint, stable pit growtli is maintained as long as tire local environment witliin tire pit keeps tire pit under active conditions. Thus, tire effective potential at tire pit base must be less anodic tlian tire passivation potential (U ) of tire metal in tire pit electrolyte. This may require tire presence of voltage-drop (IR-drop) elements. In tliis respect the most important factor appears to be tire fonnation of a salt film at tire pit base. (The salt film fonns because tire solubility limit of e.g. FeCl2 is exceeded in tire vicinity of tire dissolving surface in tlie highly Cl -concentrated electrolyte.)... 

Figure C3.2.18.(a) Model a-helix, (b) hydrogen bonding contacts in tire helix, and (c) schematic representation of tire effective Hamiltonian interactions between atoms in tire protein backbone. From [23].

S-S annihilation phenomena can be considered as a powerful tool for investigating tire exciton dynamics in molecular complexes [26]. However, in systems where tliat is not tire objective it can be a complication one would prefer to avoid. To tliis end, a measure of suitably conservative excitation conditions is to have tire parameter a< )T < 0.01. Here x is tire effective rate of intrinsic energy dissipation in tire ensemble if tire excitation is by CW light, and T = IS tire... 

The Markov 3 order or hi er model can be used to account Bar tire effect of a tertiary norbomene in the polymer drain on the reaction rate and copolymer composition. Higher order models, however, require an inerted number of traction parameters to be determined. For example, in penpmultimate mo l (Markov 3 order model), 16 propa tion rate ranstants should be determined, whraeas 8 rate constants are needed in the penuLtiinate model. In this work, we propose a reduced-order Markov model (ROMM) to effectively reduce the number of reaction parameters. 

In order to study tire effect of very high temperatures on spark spectra, Demarcay constructed an induction coil with a short secondary wire of large diameter, which gave intensely hot, luminous, globular sparks. By using electrodes of very pure platinum, he was able to eliminate from the spectrum of the substance he wished to examine all foreign spectra except the well-known lines of platinum. This was the apparatus with which he studied the spectra of the rare earths. 

Tire effects of inhibitors or activators on the kinetics of the monomeric enzyme of Fig. 9-13 can be described by Eq. 9-62 to 9-64. Separate terms for both inhibition and activation can be included. Tire equilibrium between the two conformers can also be indicated explicitly according to Eq. 7-30. However, for monomeric enzymes it is usually not profitable to try to separate the two constants Kt and KttX which describe the conformational change and binding of substrate or activator, respectively, in Eq. 7-30. 

In deference to the excellence of the sampling study, researchers point out that additional sampling in selected smaller basins is needed to improve the ability to determine tire effects of changes ill point-source pollution. 

Blom, M.W. et al., Tire effects of alprazolam, quazepam and diazepam on saccadic eye movements, parameters of psychomotor function and the EEG, Fund. Clin. Pharmacol., 4, 653, 1990. 

Yu AC, Lee YL, Eng EL (1993) Astr ogliosis in culture I. The model and tire effect of antisense oligonucleotides on glial fibiillai y acidic protein syntlresis. J Neru osci Res 34 295—303. 

Rizzai di GP, Lazzai in A, Pantaleo G (2002) Potential role of immune modulation in tire effective long-tenn conti ol of HIV-1 infection. J Biol Regul Homeost Agents 16 83—90. 

Covolume (Covolumen in Ger),This is a term applied in certain equations of state to correct the vol of gas for tire effect of the vol o the molecules. This term is not the molecular vol itself (Ref 12)... 

If we ignore tire effect of pressure on V2, tire integral becomes TIV2/RT. Solutionfor n then yields ... 

Mixed oxide (MOX) fuel, 21.0-wt% Pu in 18.0-wt% enriched uranium, was irradiated from the 16 to 35 cycle at the 3" row in the experimental fast reactor JOYO. Tire effective full power days were 1019.33, and the peak bumup was 143.8 GWd/t. Atotal of 1560 days have passed from the reactor shut down to analysis. 

Tire effect due to triple excitations as obtained at the CC3 level was found to Increase tire CCSD results by 4% and 16%. Apparently there seems to be no guarantee tlrat triple excitation effects are small when the CC2 model is a good approximation to CCSD. On the other hand, triple excitation effects are found to be rather small for CH4 (only 1.5% of the CCSD results) [38] consistent with the prediction based on the corresponding CCSD-CC2 difference [74]. 

Uiis reaction is catalyzed by a hydrophilic spherical Pt-y-Al203 catalyst of 3 mm particle size at 70 °C and 1 atm arrd is considered to be first order witli respect to oxygen and 0.5 order with respect to etharrol (Horowitz et al., 1999). Tire effective rate coefficient, i.e. the rate coefficient including the effect of the internal diffusion is 1.95 x 10 " (m /kg s) (m /kmol)°. ... 

Circular dichnMsin spectra were recorded on native and 8 mM TNM-lreated CGTases in the 2I0-250 nm and 250 320 lun regions (data not shown) in order to investigate tire effects of die nitration both on some secondaiy structural elements of tiie protein and on the f nfi)nnationa] emdronmeit of the aromatic residues. 

Adsorption of hydrogen sulfide from moist digester Gas (CH4 = 60% CO2 = 40%) containing either 5,000, 2,000 or 1,000 ppm of H2S was studied at 311 and 333K in the presence of 1 or 2 percent of oxygen on three different activated carbons of proprietary suriace chemistries [125], Analysis of the perfonnance of carbons indicates that the capaci of all adsorbents is enhanced when the H2S concentration decreases. Tire effect of the temperature does not reveal the common trend due to the various mechanisms of oxidation depending on the chemistry of the surfaces [60]. All adsorbents were basic, which is favorable for H2S adsorption as described in section... 

Aeeordingly, an ISE displays a seleetive response when tire aetivity of die primary ion is mueh lai ger tlian tire suimnation teiin of the mterferents that is, when a, >S>. Under tliis eondition, tire effect of mterfeiing ions is negligible, and... 

Bra] Brandis, H., Preisendanz, H., Schueler, R, Studies on tire Effect of the Alloying Elements, Chromium, Molybdenum and Tungsten, on the Activity of Carbon in Fe-X-C Alloys from 900 to 1100°C (in German), Thyssen Edelstahl Technische Berichte, 6(2), 155-167 (1980) (Experimental, Thermodyn., Calculation, 28)... 

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