Time-resolved fluoroimmunoassays

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The use of europium chelates, with their unusually long fluorescence decay times, as labels for proteins and antibodies has provided techniques that are referred to as time-resolved fluoroimmunoassays (TRFIA). Fluorophores as labels for biomolecules will be the topic of Sect. 3. Nevertheless, TRFIAs always have to compete with ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays) techniques, which are characterized by their great versatility and sensitivity through an enzyme-driven signal amplification. Numerous studies have been published over the past two decades which compare both analytical methods, e.g., with respect to the detection of influenza viruses or HIV-1 specific IgA antibodies [117,118]. Lanthanide luminescence detection is another new development, and Tb(III) complexes have been applied, for instance, as indicators for peroxidase-catalyzed dimerization products in ELISAs [119]. 

Wortberg, M. and K. Cammann (1993). Determination of triazine herbicides with time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay using europium(III)-chelates. Fresnius J. Anal. Chem., 346 757-760. 

Bacigalupo, M.A. and G. Meroni. 2007. Quantitative determination of diuron in ground and surface water by time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay Seasonal variations of diuron, carbofuran, and paraquat in an agricultural area. J. Agric. Food Chem. 55 3823-3828. 

Wang, G., J. Yuan, K. Matsumoto, et al. 2001. Homogeneous time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay of bensulfuron-methyl by using terbium fluorescence energy transfer. Talanta 55 1119-1125. 

Shen, J., Z. Zhang, Y. Yao, et al. 2006. A monoclonal antibody-based time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay for chloramphenicol in shrimp and chicken muscle. Anal. Chim. Acta 575 262-266. 

Fig. 12. Dual-label time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay of AFP and CEA with luminescent lanthanide labels BHHCT-...

Fig. 13. Structure of TBP-Eu3+ and principle of TRACE homogeneous time-resolved fluoroimmunoassays.

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Ito, K., Oda, M., Tsuji, A., and Maeda, M. (1999) Simultaneous determination of alpha fetoprotein, human chorionic gonadotropin and estriol in serum of pregnant women hy time resolved fluoroimmunoassay. Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedi cal Analysis, 20, 169 178. 

Kimura, H., Mukaida, M., Wang, G., Yuan, J., and Matsumoto, K. (2000) Dual label time resolved fluoroimmunoassay of psychopharmaceuticals and stimulants in semm. Forensic Science International, 113, 345 351. 

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Hildebrandt N, Charbonniere LJ, Beck M, Ziessel RF, Lohmannsroben HG. Quantum dots as efficient energy acceptors in a time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay. Angew Chem Int Ed 2005 44 7612-5. 

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