Thyroglobulin structure

ChEs possess the a/ 3-fold structure, which is shared with other esterases and non-catalytic proteins such as thyroglobulin, glutactin, neurotactin, gliotactin and neuroligins, all of these include a single ChE domain. Both ChEs are ellipsoidal molecules of 45-60-65 A3. Their structure consists of a central, highly twisted, 8-12-stranded (3-sheet, in which most strands are parallel, flanked on both sides by a-helices. Studies have indicated three major domains within the protein ... 

Thyroid hormones. Internally, the thyroid consists of follicles, which are spherical structures with walls formed by a single layer of epithelial cells called follicular cells. The center of each follicle contains a homogenous gel referred to as colloid. Thyroid hormones are stored here as a component of the larger molecule, thyroglobulin. The amount of thyroid hormones stored within the colloid is enough to supply the body for 2 to 3 months. 

Thyroid epithelial cells synthesize and secrete T4 and T3 and make up the functional units of thyroid glandular tissue, the thyroid follicles. Thyroid follicles are hollow vesicles formed by a single layer of epithelial cells that are filled with colloid. T4,T3, and iodine are stored in the follicular colloid. T4 and T3 are derived from tyrosyl residues of the protein thyroglobulin (Tg). Thyroid follicular cells synthesize and secrete Tg into the follicular lumen. Thyroid follicular cells also remove iodide (I ) from the blood and concentrate it within the follicular lumen. Within the follicles, some of the tyrosyl residues of Tg are iodinated, and a few specific pairs of iodoty-rosyl residues may be coupled to form T4 and T3. Thus, T4, T3, and iodine (in the form of iodinated tyrosyl residues) are found within the peptide structure of the Tg that is stored in the follicular lumen. 

M. Fuknda,T. Kondo. andT.Gsawa. Studies on (he hydrazinolyus of glycoproteins. Core structures of oligosaccharides obtained from porciire thyroglobulin and pine apple stem bromelain. /. Biochem. 8ft 1223 (1976). 

The thyroid hormones thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) are formed on thyroglobulin, a large glycoprotein synthesized within the thyroid cell (Fig. 73-1). Because of the unique tertiary structure of... 

Figure 45-1. Structures of the thyroid hormones thyroxine (T ) and triiodothyronine (Tj). Also shown are the intermediates monoiodotyrosine (MIT) and diiodotyrosine (DIT) that are also formed on thyroglobulin.

Determine if there is expression of cell-specific products, cell-specific structures, and transcription factors or receptors that are unique identifiers of cell types (e.g., neuroendocrine granules, peptide hormones, thyroglobulin, PSA, prostate-specific membrane antigen, inhibin, gross cystic disease fluid protein [GCDEP], villin, uroplakin, thyroid transcription factor-1 [TTE-1] or transcription factor CDX-2). 

Sequential addition of specifically substituted monosaccharides has given a tri-antennary undecasaccharide with the structure of a glycan chain of the N-linked glycoprotein of calf thyroglobulin (18). Synthesis started from the trisaccharide Man(31-4GlcNH2 -4GlcNH2 [298],... 

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