Thyroglobulin marker

ELST is most often confused with metastatic papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and chorioid plexus papilloma (GPP). PTC is positive for thyroglobulin, whereas ELST is not. CPPs are positive for transthyretin and GEAP the ELST is usually negative for both of these markers. ... 

FIGURE 10.25 Distribution of markers in parathyroid adenomas. KER(PAN), pancytokeratin PTH, parathyroid hormone CHR-A, chromogranin A BCL-2 PSA, prostatic specific antigen cyclin D1 TTF-1, thyroid transcription factor-1 TGB, thyroglobulin. 

Bocker W, Dralle H, Dorn G. Thyroglobulin An immunohistochemical marker in thyroid disease. In DeLellis RA, ed. Diagnostic Immunohistochemistry. New York Masson 1981 37-60. Sambade C, Franssila K, Cameselle-Teijeiro J, et al. Hyalinizing trabecular adenoma A misnomer for a peculiar tumor of the thyroid gland. Endocr Pathol. 1991 2 83-91. 

As stated earlier in this discussion, most non-hema-topoietic malignancies of the mediastinum should be presumed metastatic until proven otherwise. Immunohistologic analysis is only variably productive in establishing a site of origin for secondary carcinomas in this location. If determinants are found that are unassociated with PTCs, such as TTF-1, thyroglobulin, prostate-specific antigen, S-100 protein, FLAP, CA 19-9 (an enteric carcinoma marker), or CA 125 (a serosal and Mullerian tract marker),it is likely that the lesion is a metastasis. Conversely, the presence of coexpression of keratin 5/6, p63, and CD5 would, at least tentatively, appear to support a thymic origin for such a neoplasm. 

Other important monitoring parameter for thyroid carcinoma is the presence of tumor cells in bone marrow or the circulation of tumor cells in peripheral blood. For the detection of these tumor cells, molecular methods based on the detection of tissue-specific gene expression are developed. The most efficient molecular marker is mRNA encoding to the thyroid-specific hormone thyroglobulin (Tg), a further target is mRNA encoding specific enzymes involved in the synthesis of thyroid hormones such as thyroid peroxidase (TPO). Thyroid transcription factor-1 (TTF-1) is another thyroid-specific marker, which can be used for the diagnosis of thyroid tumors. 

Problems Serva Blue G presumably prefers to attach to trans-membrane regions. Large membrane proteins thus show a lesser charge density than small membrane proteins. Soluble proteins bind still less stain. The charge-to-mass ratio of different protein-stain complexes is thus not constant, and the native electrophoresis does not separate the protein complexes by MW (personal communication by A. Schrattenholz, Mainz). Soluble marker proteins such as thyroglobulin, ferritin, and the like smudge in the gel or partially disintegrate into subimits. 

Thyroglobulin (Tg) is used as a tumour marker for thyroid cancer, and is nsed post-snrgically to monitor disease recurrence (Krahn and Dembinski, 2009). Bnme et al. (2005) describe POC assays for autoantibodies to thyroid peroxidase (TPO) and to thyroglobnlin. Both assays are based on the ability of autoantibodies in test samples (whole blood, plasma or sera) to inhibit the binding of monoclonal antibodies to TPO or to Tg. These assays require no special equipment and yield resnlts in lOmin. 

G6rard, CM., Ro er, P.P., Dumont, J.E., 1989, Thyroglobulin gene expression as a differentiation marker in primary cultures of calf thyroid cells. Mol. Cell. Endocrinol. 61 23. 

Many "normal" persons in industrialized countries have various thyroid function tests measured as part of routine laboratory assessment. Iodine deficiency is associated with increased values for radioactive iodine uptake and serum TSH, thyroglobulin, and T3, and a decreased value for serum T4. Collecting data from normal subjects, representative of the population at large, as they undergo these tests can provide a general impression of the adequacy of iodine intake. Ultrasound is now widely used in physician s offices in Europe, and measurement of the thyroid size of normals provides a valuable marker for the amount of iodine in the diet. 

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