Prevention through Design , accident

The word safety used to mean the older strategy of accident prevention through the use of hard hats, safety shoes, and a variety of rules and regulations. The main emphasis was on worker safety. Much more recently, safety has been replaced by loss prevention. This term includes hazard identification, technical evaluation, and the design of new engineering features to prevent loss. The subj ect of this text is loss prevention, but for convenience, the words safety and loss prevention will be used synonymously throughout. 

The role of unsafe acts and unsafe conditions as accident causes has a long history. The relative importance of each is to be determined. Early in the 1900s, there was a strong focus on accident prevention and that included training workers. People assumed that human behavior was a major cause of accidents. Early focus on prevention also emphasized prevention through design to address unsafe conditions. 

It is the emphasis on accident prevention through inherent characteristics which permits both urban siting and remotely-monitored operation. They are not new concepts by themselves-both have been accepted for a number of years in Canada for the 20 kW SLOWPOKE-2 research reactors, on the basis of an inherent design ch2uacteristic because of the limited... 

The safety audit is designed to take accoimt of quantitative information available through data on injuries, incident reports, insurance claims, accident reports, first aid records and any other documents that can provide an indication of performance. In looking at the administrative structure, attention is drawn to the support mechanisms that provide the foimdation for hazard management and accident prevention. 

A review made by this author of a variety of accident investigation reports (not limited to machinery) concluded that there were implications of workplace and work methods design inadequacies in over 35 percent of cases. To reduce serious injury and fatality potential, this author proposes that prevention through design be established as a... 

Section 112(r) of the Clean Air Act is a statutory and regulatory program designed to prevent chemical accidents and releases through appropriate planning. 

Kamardeen, 1.2010.8D BIM modelling tool for accident prevention through design. 26th Annual Conference of the Association of Researchers in Construction Management, ARCOM 2010, Leeds, 6 September. 

The defences-in-depth philosophy presented in Section 7.1 can also be interpreted in terms of Ashby s law of requisite variety. Here, the system s designer has the clear ambition of preventing major accidents through design of barriers. This will make it less demanding for the operations organisation to manage the major accident risks. 

The American Institute of Chemical Engineers (AIChE) has a 30-year history of involvement with process safety for chemical processing plants. Through its strong ties with process designers, builders, operators, safety professionals and academia, the AIChE has enhanced communication and fostered improvement in the high safety standards of the industry. AIChE publications and symposia have become an information resource for the chemical engineering profession on the causes of accidents and means of prevention. 

FEMA is not the only culprit a breakdown occurred on all levels of government. According to the National Response Plan that establishes a comprehensive all-hazards approach to enhance the ability of the United States to manage domestic incidents, local, state, and federal authorities are all designated specific responsibilities and duties. The mayor is responsible for coordinating local resources to address the full spectrum of actions to prevent, prepare for, and recover from major disasters, accidents or acts of terrorism. He/she requests state and, if necessary, federal assistance through the governor of the state when the jurisdiction s capabilities have been... 

---