Prevention through design

The IAEA Code on the Safety of Nuclear Research Reactors Design [3] has specific requirements related to ageing  

Components and systems susceptible to ageing degradation should be so located as to facilitate free access for surveillance and testing. 

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Zatges, T., Giles, B. (2008). Prevention through design (PtD). Journal of Safety Research, 39, 123126. 

The five-year-old Prevention through Design (PtD) initiative is picking up speed, according to NIOSH chief Dr. John Howard. Howard noted three developments that illustrate the power of RD as a model for improving occupational safety and health in the 21st century ... 

The next section provides a brief overview of how human factors engineering (HFE) and prevention through design (PtD) could provide an important resource for improving worker health and safety. 

ANSI and ASSE. 2011. Prevention Through Design Guidelines for Addressing Occupational Hazards and Risks in Design and Redesign Processes. ANSI/ASSE Z590.3-2011. Des Plaines, lU. 

Why is this significant The concept teaches engineers the primary responsibility they have in design as stated in codes of ethics. One impetus resulted from the 2007 National Instimte for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) workshop on Prevention through Design. NIOSH now refers to this emphasis program with an acronym, PtD. ... 

The NIOSH symposium followed an earlier conference in 1998 that led to a book on the topic. In 2011, the American Society of Safety Engineers published a standard on Prevention through Design. " ASSE and NIOSH conducted a symposium on the issue in 2011. ... 

Explain Prevention through Design (PtD). Which organizations have conducted symposiums on this topic ... 

The role of unsafe acts and unsafe conditions as accident causes has a long history. The relative importance of each is to be determined. Early in the 1900s, there was a strong focus on accident prevention and that included training workers. People assumed that human behavior was a major cause of accidents. Early focus on prevention also emphasized prevention through design to address unsafe conditions. 

Figure 4.1 The U.S. NIOSH Prevention through Design (National Initiative) concept, rrwdified to show system safety integration into the process.

In the previously mentioned standard on prevention through design (ANSI/ASSE, 2011), these definitions of acceptable risk and ALARP... 

Although the prevention through design standard applies to occupational hazards and risks, the previously given definitions of acceptable risk and ALARP apply to all hazards-related exposures (fire protection, transportation safety, environmental safety, etc.). 

Expanding on Lowrance and Rowe, the following definition of risk relates more precisely to the work of the many safety professionals who have responsibilities for environmental matters in addition to occupational safety and health. It appears in the previously mention prevention through design (ANSI/ASSE, 2011) standard. 

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