Sticklebacks

The effects of EDCs on behavior in fish have been more extensively studied than in birds. Examples of the effects of EDCs seen in fish include profound alterations in courtship behavior in male guppies (Poecilia reticulate) exposed to vinclozolin and DDE, including at environmentally relevant concentrations (Baatrup and Junge 2001) and altered courtship behavior in three-spined stickleback exposed to environmentally relevant concentrations of EE2 (Bell 2001). In the stickleback studies, exposed males became less aggressive and had a reduced nesting activity, and this was linked with reduced concentrations of the male sex androgen 11-ketotestosterone. Recently,... 

Bell, A.M. (2001). Effects of an endocrine disrupter on courtship and aggressive behaviour of male three-spined stickleback, Gasterosteus aculeatus. Animal Behaviour 62, 775-780. 

Katsiadaki, I., Morris, S., and Squires, C. et al. (2006). Use of the three-spined stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) as a sensitive in vivo test for detection of environmental antiandrogens. Environmental Health Perspectives 114, 115-121. 

Sebire, M., Holtorf, K., and Sanders, M. et al. (2008). Fenitrothion acts as anti-androgen and disrupts the reproductive behaviour of the three-spined stickleback. Ecotoxicology (accepted). 

Brown G. and Godin J. (1997). Anti-predator responses to conspecific and heterospecific skin extracts by Three-spined Sticklebacks alarm pheromones revisited. Behaviour 134, 1123-1134. 

Pascoe, D. and D.L. Mattey. 1977. Studies on the toxicity of cadmium to the three-spined stickleback, Gasterosteus aculeatus L. Jour. Fish Biol. 11 207-215. 

Three-spined stickleback, Gasterosteus aculeatus, Gulf of Gdansk, whole, 1988-89 Lahontan Reservoir, Nevada, 1981 0.01-0.11 FW, Max. 0.49 FW 62... 

Falandysz, J. and M. Kowalewska. 1993. Mercury concentration of stickleback Gasterosteus aculeatus from the Gulf of Gdansk. Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 51 710-715. 

Threespine stickleback, Gasterosteus aculeatus 3 Lethal in 10-30 days 2... 

Three-spined stickleback, Gasterosteus aculeatus 0.1 or 1.0 After exposure in seawater for 7.5 months, hepatocytes were abnormal in the high dose group reproduction normal in both groups 45... 

Nickel-zinc mixtures were additive in toxicity to marine copepods (Verriopoulos and Dimas 1988) and to the three-spined stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus Skidmore 1964). 

Matthiessen, P. and A.E. Brafield. 1977. Uptake and loss of dissolved zinc by the stickleback Gasterosteus aculeatus L. Jour. Fish Biol. 10 399-410. 

Deneer, J.W. 1994. Bioconcentration of chlorpyrifos by the three-spined stickleback under laboratory and field conditions. Chemosphere 29 1561-1575. 

MHC influences on behaviour are not restricted to mice. Female sticklebacks show a preference for the odour of males that is consistent with them attaining an optimum level of MHC diversity in their offspring (Reusch, Haberli, Aeschli-mann and Milinski 2001). There is also good evidence that humans can discriminate... 

Milinski, M., Griffiths, S., Wegner, K., Reusch, T., Haas-Assenbaum, A. and Boehm, T. (2005) Mate choice decisions of stickleback females predictably modified by MHC peptide ligands. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 102, 4414-4418. 

Reusch, T., Haberli, M., Aeschlimann, P. and Milinski, M. (2001) Female sticklebacks count alleles in a strategy of sexual selection explaining MHC polymorphism. Nature 414, 300-302. 

Aeschlimann, P.B., Haberli, M.A., Reusch, T.B.H., Boehm, T. and Milinski, M. (2003) Female sticklebacks Gasterosteus aculealus use self-reference to optimize MHC allele number during mate selection. Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. 54, 119-126. 

Although the marine environment is the final compartment receiving surfactants, few reports have considered seawater species. To the best of our knowledge, surfactants bioconcentration has been determined in marine algae [8], shrimp [51], mussel [51,66,69] and the stickleback [51]. Although experiments are increasingly being focused on the marine and coastal environments, further work is necessary to measure bioconcentration in these ecosystems. 

Katz, M. Acute toxicity of some organic insecticides to three species of salmonids and to threespine stickleback, Trans. Am. Fish Soc., 90(3) 264-268, 1961. 

McLennan, D. A. (2005). Changes in response to olfactory cues across the ovulatory cycle in brook sticklebacks, Culaeainconstans. Animal Behaviour 69,181-188. 

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