Three dimensional body scanning

Istook, C.L., 2008. Three Dimensional Body Scanning to Improve Fit. Advances in Apparel Production. Woodhead publication. 

In computer tomography (CT) with radionuclides, one or several radiation detectors, a computer and a display are used. The detector array is moved in relation to the patient, and the variations in counting rates with the absorbancies of the radiation in the body as a function of the geometry are processed by the software of the computer to give an image on the screen. This procedure is repeated in subsequent sections (slices) of the body, thus providing a three-dimensional picture. The resolution of the scan is of the order of 1 mm. The method is similar to that used in X-ray CT, but in the latter both the radiation source and the detector array can be moved in relation to the patient. 

The distribution of the substance in the body is often studied with substances that have carbon-14 as a radioactive label in the molecule. The labeled substance must be specifically S3mthesized, but it allows a direct visualization of the distribution in the animal body. In a process called whole body radiography, thin slices of the dead deep-firozen animal are prepared and scanned for distribution of radioactivity. Images of the various two-dimensional slices are then combined to give a three-dimensional pic-tvire. In a parallel experiment, the target organs are isolated and extracted with solvents. The extracts are used to isolate and identify the metabohtes. 

The most common type of PET scan uses a radioactive form of the sugar glucose to measure how the brain or body functions and to identify any tumor activity. CT (computed tomography) scans use X-rays to create a three-dimensional image of the body s structure. If your doctor will be ordering a standard PET or PET/CT scan of your body for examining your cancer, request that the scan be ordered with the specification that it also include a dedicated view of your... 

Three-dimensional scanning of the human body and three-dimensional CAD software are used to help develop the design patterns for various types of sportswear. These techniques are used to create custom fit models, build life-like digital clothing samples and adjust these based on virtual fit. Based on some mechanical and physical properties of the used fabric, 3D fabric simulation software can be employed to determine how the fabric may behave and drape on the digital body model. 

Three-dimensional (3D) body scanning — current and potential future applications in clothing manufacture and retailing... 

Computerized axial tomography (Godfrey Newbold Hounsfield) In London, doctors performed the first GAT scan of a hving patient and detected a brain tumor. In a CAT (or GT) scan, X rays are taken of a body like slices in a loaf of bread. A computer then assembles these shces into a detail-laden three-dimensional image. 

Nurre, J.H., Connor, J., Lewark, E.A. Collier, J.S. 2000. On segmenting the three-dimensional scan data of a human body IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging, 19(8) 787-797. 

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