Thin-layer radiochromatography

Hazai, I. and Klebovich, 1. Thin layer radiochromatography, in Handbook of Thin Layer Chromatography, 3rd ed., Sherma, J. and Fried, B., Eds., Marcel Dekker, New York, 2003, pp. 339-360. 

We employed various substrates to check for MFO in two bivalve species, a salt water mussel (Mytilus edulis) and a fresh water clam (Anodonta sp). Cytochrome P-450 was also studied. Organisms were exposed to 100 PPM Venezuelan crude in a stagnant system for up to one month. Enzyme assays were carried out with digestive gland 9000 g homogenates (17) and cytochrome P-450 analysis, with microsomes (21). The hydrocarbon substrates investigated included 1I+C-labelled benzo(a)pyrene, fluorene, anthracene, and naphthalene. The method used for separation of BP metabolites by thin layer radiochromatography has been described (7). The metabolite detection method for the other aromatic hydrocarbons was essentially the same except methylene chloride was used as metabolite extractant as well as TLC developer. Besides the hydrocarbon substrates, we also checked for other MFO reactions, N-dealkylase with C-imipramine (22) and 0-dealkylase with ethoxycoumarin (15). 

Gattavecchia, E. and Tonelli, D., Determination of 90Sr by thin layer radiochromatography, J. Radioanl. Nucl. Chem., 152, 391-399, 1991. 

Table 3.5 Nuclides That Can Be Detected by Thin-Layer Radiochromatography...

Thin-layer radiochromatography (radio-TLC) is widely applied for a variety of environmental studies involving radiolabeled pesticides, such as plant uptake from soil, bioaccumulation in fish, dissipation from soil, metabolism in soil, plants, and fish, and environmental fate. The determination of the lipophiUdty of pesticides is important because their bioaccumulation and tendency for degradation and biotransformation are related to lipid solubility. TLC has advantages for lipohilicity studies compared to traditional partition coefficient measurement in an octanol-water system. 

Hazai, L Klebovich, I. Thin-layer radiochromatography. In Handbook of Thin Layer Chromatography, 3rd Ed Sherma,... 

Thin-layer radiochromatography (radio-TLC) is widely applied for a variety of environmental studies involving... 

Savela and Hemminki (1993) used butanol extraction and nuclease Pl-enhanced P-postlabeling and thin layer radiochromatography to analyze cigarette smoke-induced DNA adducts in human granulocytes and lymphocytes. Tur-teltaub et al. (1993) coupled multidimensional TLC with accelerator mass spectrometry (MS) to study DNA adduction with heterocyclic amines. 

To detect substances by physical methods which are nearly nondestructive means to employ their absorption or their emission of electromagnetic radiation. Suitable detectors may be the eye (visual detection) or photomultipliers, which are sensitive sensors for qualitative analysis and quantification (photometric measurement). The detection of radioactively labeled substances by autoradiography, fluorography, spark chamber, or scanning techniques is discussed in a special chapter of this Handbook (see Chapter 12, Thin-Layer Radiochromatography). 

Most commonly used is the recording of UVA IS spectra, which are compared with spectral libraries. However, more informative is the recording of a FTIR- or Raman-spectrum in situ. These relatively recent developments to measure diffuse reflectance can now be carried out routinely. The in situ employment of MS after TLC detection is described in detail elsewhere (see Chapter 9, Thin Layer Chromatography Coupled with Mass Spectrometry), as well as the employment of radioactively labelled substances (see Chapter 12, Thin-Layer Radiochromatography). 

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