Thin layer chromatography drugs

Thin-layer chromatography of antibiotics, drugs, alkaloids, purines, pyrimidines, nucleic acids, toxins, and vitamins 98AC7R. 

High performance thin-layer chromatography has found its greatest application in the areas of clinical (e.g. analysis of drugs in blood) and environmental analysis. 

The active drug and metabolites can be detected from the urine by thin-layer chromatography, gas-liquid chromatography, or gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. However, assays are available only at specialized centers. Treatment of acute intoxication with mescaline is virtually identical to the treatment outlined for LSD intoxication. DOM-induced vasospasm responds well to intra-arterial tolazohne or sodium nitroprusside. Major life-threatening complications of hallucinogenic amphetamine derivatives include hyperthermia, hypertension, convulsions, cardiovascular collapse, and self-inflicted trauma. 

Table 1 provides the urinalysis test results for the 4,847 arrestees, While PCP was tested for by an EMIT test only, cocaine, opiates and methadone were tested for by both EMIT and thin layer chromatography (TLC). (The EMIT test for opiates is not specific to morphine, the metabolite of heroin, and can detect the recent use of a variety of opiates. A specimen positive for opiates is most likely to indicate the use of heroin in this population, however.) Our analyses will use only the results from the EMIT tests, because we have learned that the TLC general drug screen is less sensitive for detecting recent use of these illicit street drugs (Wish et al. 1983 Wish et al. 1984). 

Van de Vaart et al. [45] used a thin-layer chromatographic method for the analysis of miconazole and other compounds in pharmaceutical creams. The drugs in creams were analyzed by thin-layer chromatography on silica gel plates with ether in pentane-saturated chamber or with butanol-water-acetic acid (20 5 2). Both active ingredients and vehicle components were detected and Rf values of 67 active ingredients are tabulated. Additional eluents may be needed to separate certain combinations of ingredients. 

Stohs and Scratchley (53) investigated several thin layer chromatography systems for thiazide diuretics and antihypertensive drugs, using silica gel G and a variety of detection reagents. 

Thin-layer chromatography (TLC) is one of the most popular and widely used separation techniques because it is easy to use and offers adequate sensitivity and speed of separations. Furthermore, multiple samples can be run simultaneously. It can be used for separation, isolation, identification, and quantification of components in a sample. The equipment used for performance of TLC, including applications of TLC in drug discovery process, is covered in Chapter 13. This technique has been successfully used in biochemical, environmental, food, pharmacological, and toxicological analyses. 

Owing to the polar and nonvolatile nature of most compounds used as medicinal drugs, reversed-phase HPLC is the most common technique for monitoring the dmg substance and its impurities. GC is also used, particularly for residual solvents, and capillary electrophoresis (CE) has been introduced in more recent times. Some older methods use thin-layer chromatography (TLC), but use of this methodology for the quantitative measurement of impurities is not common. 

Wagner, H., Bladt, S. and Zgainski, E. M. 1984. Plant drug analysis. A Thin Layer Chromatography Atlas. Berlin - Heidelberg - New York - Tokyo. 

Frangopol and Morariu have edited a seminar on procaine and related drugs, methods of analysis, and effects on cell membranes [29]. Items covered include studies on Romanian drugs by mass spectrometry and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, quantitative and qualitative determination of procaine in biological samples, separation and quantitative thin layer chromatography determination of procaine... 

Wagner, H. and Bladt, S., Plant Drug Analysis A Thin Layer Chromatography Atlas, 2nd ed., Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1996. 

Previously mentioned was a method for operators with limited training have designed rapidly screening pharmaceuticals by thin-layer chromatography for use in areas with limited resources. Personnel can be trained in a short time to perform screening analysis of drugs (Kenyon et al., 1995). 

Use of polyclonal antibodies in immunoaffinity cleanup of drug residues was first made in the determination of U enbolone in bovine urine by thin layer chromatography-liquid chromatography (TLC-LC) (173). The polyclonal antibody used was capable to bind both the active form 17- -trenbolone and its... 

Thin-layer chromatography (del is frequently used. A drawback lu lie. however, is that the technique is not especially sensitive and low levels of drugs may be missed. 

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