Thermoplastics long fiber

Thermoplastics - long fiber-reinforced, textile-reinforced, woven mat-rein-forced or with local hybrid fiber reinforcement - will gain ground in the direction of large-scale production series and structural parts production. 

A number of amorphous thermoplastics are presently employed as matrices in long fiber composites, including polyethersulfone (PES), polysulfone (PSU), and polyetherimide (PEI). AH offer superior resistance to impact loading and higher interlaminar fracture toughnesses than do most epoxies. However, the amorphous nature of such polymers results in a lower solvent resistance, clearly a limitation if composites based on such polymers are to be used in aggressive environments. 

Uniaxial deformations give prolate (needle-shaped) ellipsoids, and biaxial deformations give oblate (disc-shaped) ellipsoids [220,221], Prolate particles can be thought of as a conceptual bridge between the roughly spherical particles used to reinforce elastomers and the long fibers frequently used for this purpose in thermoplastics and thermosets. Similarly, oblate particles can be considered as analogues of the much-studied clay platelets used to reinforce a variety of materials [70-73], but with dimensions that are controllable. In the case of non-spherical particles, their orientations are also of considerable importance. One interest here is the anisotropic reinforcements such particles provide, and there have been simulations to better understand the mechanical properties of such composites [86,222],... 

The growth of these materials is reflected in the number of polymers which are being glass reinforced. These include polypropylene, polystyrene, styrene acrylonitrile, nylon, polyethylene, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene, modified polyphenylene oxide, polycarbonate, acetal, polysulfone, polyurethane, poly (vinyl chloride), and polyester. In addition, the reinforced thermoplastics available now include long-fiber compounds, short-fiber compounds, super concentrates for economy, a combination of long and short fibers, and blends of polymer and fibrous glass. 

Fig. 11.30 Effect of preheating 50% by weight E-glass fiber-filled polyamide pulltruded pellets on fiber lengths at the screw tip of a 300-ton 23.86-oz reciprocating injection molding machine. [Reprinted by permission from C. G. Gogos, C. K. Yoon, and J. Brizzolara, Injection Molding Process Development for Long Fiber Reinforced Thermoplastics, SPE ANTEC Tech. Papers, 40, 384 (1994).]...

C. G. Gogos, C. K. Yoon, and J. Brizzolara, Injection Molding Process Development for Long Fiber Reinforced Thermoplastics, SPE ANTEC Tech. Papers, 40, 384 (1994). 

Schut, J, H., Long-Fiber Thermoplastics Extend their reach, PT, Apr. 2003. 

Vcrton . [LNP iaPLq Nylon 6/6 or PPS, loi% gl fiber reintoced long fiber thermoplastic composites. 

The first all-around automobile application of composite leaf-springs was made in the Sherpa 200 series van and mini buses built by Freight Rover. These fiber-reinforced plastic (FRP) components for high stress, high-temperature uses were developed by GKN. ICl s Verton, a long-fiber reinforced thermoplastic is also suitable for such applications. 

Figure 2.4 Mechanical properties of short and long fiber/thermoplastic compounds (BMCs)...

Bowland C. A formulation study of long fiber thermoplastic polypropylene (part 1) the effects of coupling agent, glass content resin properties on the mechanical properties. Automotive Composites Conference Exhibition, conference proceedings. Society of Plastics Engineers 2007. 

Direct Long Fiber-Reinforced Thermoplastic Process (Overview)... 

Interim storage of the fiber composite material is realized in a heat accumulator, from which it is discharged in cycles by a ram, chopped into molding compound units by a cutter at the end of the accumulator, and transported on a discharge belt. The plasticized material produced in this way is transferred into a compression mold, then formed into a structural component in an extrasion process. The finishing steps are the same as in other CM methods used for long fiber-reinforced thermoplastics. 

Table 1 compares their opportunities and risks. Fig. 1 shows the frontend plastic element in an LFT-D version (direct long fiber-reinforced thermoplastics). For detailed descriptions see [5, 11]). 

Long fiber-reinforced thermoplastics are becoming increasingly important as materials, in the automotive sector in particular. The light construction aspect of... 

As to the choice of materials, the Dieffenbacher long fiber thermoplastic direct method with inline compounding of the matrix polymer (LFT-D-ILC) offers increased flexibility. 

Trdster S, Geiger O, Henning F, Eyerer P (2004) Added value for long-fiber reinforced thermoplastic components by in-line-compounding in the LFT-D-ILC process. SPE Paper 1121, ANTEC 2004, Chicago, IL... 

Laminar composites are combinations of several layers of composite sheets that are bonded together. Polyolefin sandwich structures are a laminar composite. They are composed of two or more layers of polyolefin with a different material in between the layer (long fiber mat or short fiber). Sandwich panel and laminar composites are common methods for thermoset resins and thermoplastic composites. This simple method can be applied to natural fiber-reinforced thermoplastic composites using the hot press method. The addition of a reinforcement material between polyolefin layers does not require extrusion or injection molding and minimizes fiber degradation [35, 36]. 

Plastics - Determination of temperature of deflection under load - Part 3 High-strength thermosetting laminates and long-fiber-reinforced plastics Plastics - Thermoplastic materials - Determination of Vicat softening temperature(yS 7 ... 

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