Thermal phenomena associated

For an extensive use of these materials it is important to deeply understand the thermal phenomena associated to hydrogen release reactions and adsorption/desorption... 

Sorptional capacity varies with tanperature, and the thermal effect associated with this phenomenon is isosteric heat of sorption, which can be numerically calculated using the Clausius-Clapeyron equation... 

This multiplicity of steady states is caused by the highly nonlinear nature of the heat generation expression and by the internal thermal feedback associated with complete mixing. Note that the phenomenon is not limited to completely mixed reactors but can also occur with plug flow reactors with external recycle, as discussed by van Heerden [1953] and, a long time before, by Liljenroth [1918] (see Chapter 11). 

The second major characteristic thermal phenomenon of bone tissue is associated with the degradation, combustion and elimination of the organic component. It is assumed... 

Another phenomenon associated with T. G Fox was the glass transition. A classic paper with Rory appeared in the Journal of Applied Physics in 1950 on the behavior of fractions of polystyrene as a function of temperature near the glass transition [28]. At this point, Fox and Flory referred to the observed phenomenon as a second-order transition, a designation they would live to regret. Specific volumes were measured as a function of temperature on each fraction and the temperature where the thermal expansion coefficient showed a break in slope was taken as the glass transition temperature, Tg. An empirical correlation was constructed for this data. 

It would be a gross oversimplification, however, to say that He II is inviscid. The situation is much more complicated than this, as can be seen fi om the fact there are often thermal effects associated with superflow. For example, when He II is allowed to drain partially from a vessel whose exit is blocked with a superleak of tightly packed power (impenetrable to conventional fluids) it is found that the remaining liquid is at a higher temperature than it was at the start. The inverse experiment can also be carried out. When an open-topped cylinder is connected to a reservoir of He II via a superleak (e.g., a very fine capillary tube) as shown in Fig. 12a, and the He II inside the cylinder is warmed to a temperature slightly above that of the reservoir, its level rises. If the top of the vessel is drawn out into a fine jet and the temperature of the He II inside is raised sufficiently, the liquid squirts to form a fountain as shown in Fig. 12(b), hence the common apellation fountain effect for this phenomenon. 

The coefficients, L., are characteristic of the phenomenon of thermal diffusion, i.e. the flow of matter caused by a temperature gradient. In liquids, this is called the Soret effect [12]. A reciprocal effect associated with the coefficient L. is called the Dufour effect [12] and describes heat flow caused by concentration gradients. The... 

Some of the investigations carried out in the first half of the twentieth century were related to CL associated with thermal decomposition of aromatic cyclic peroxides [75, 76] and the extremely low-level ultraviolet emission produced in different reaction systems such as neutralization and redox reactions involving oxidants (permanganate, halogens, and chromic acid in combination with oxalates, glucose, or bisulfite) [77], In this period some papers appeared in which the bright luminescence emitted when alkali metals were exposed to oxygen was reported. The phenomenon was described for derivatives of zinc [78], boron [79], and sodium, potassium, and aluminum [80]. 

Ayahuasca is frequently associated with violet auras and deep blue hallucinations. This may indicate a thermal plasma, perhaps only visible in the UVspectrum. If this phenomenon is found to fall into the category "mental," indicated above, functioning as described, but with the limitation of not being tangential to ordinary space/time, it will... 

The high-volatile Liddell bituminous coal (Figure 2 (E)) shows little indication of thermally-activated molecular mobility below 500 K. There is some fusion between 500 and 600 K followed by a major fusion transition above 600 K which appears very similar to the high temperature transition of the Amberley coal. This Liddell coal, however, has only 6% liptinite, has a crucible swelling number of 6.5 and exhibits considerable Gieseler fluidity. We therefore attribute this high temperature fusion event to the aromatic-rich macerals of the coal and associate it with the thermoplastic phenomenon. This implies that a stage has been reached in the coalification processes at which aromatic-rich material becomes fusible. 

Material transport is usually associated with thermal transport except in situations involving homogeneous phases which can be treated as ideal solutions (L4). For this reason it is necessary to consider the behavior of combined thermal and material transport in turbulent flow. The evaporation of liquids under macroscopic adiabatic conditions is a typical example of such a phenomenon. Under such circumstances the behavior in the boundary layer is similar to that found in the field of aerodynamics in a blowing boundary layer (S4). However, it is not... 

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