The Research Proves It

Hydrogen peroxide breaks down very rapidly on entering the bloodstream. Oxygen is released in less than a second. (It takes one-tenth of a second, to be exact.) The blood becomes supersaturated with oxygen. It s called hyperoxia. The magnitude of saturation is far greater than 

I guess if I were a cardiac surgeon I wouldn t be very excited about this mode of therapy either. It would be like telling Chevron and Exxon we ve invented a car that will run on saltwater. 

In 1966, the same Baylor University group did some more interesting research with H202 and cardiac resuscitation. In fact, it was downright mind-boggling  

Victims of heart attacks often die within hours of the onset of the infarction. This is due to ventricular fibrillation, a deadly event in which the heart muscle goes crazy and beats rapidly and chaotically. This is the heart s response to oxygen-lack called hypoxia. If this dangerous runaway heart condition can be controlled, then the patient has an excellent opportunity to survive. 

Some emergency measures have proven to be partially successful in calming the heart down, and defibrillation, an electrical shocking of the heart, has often been lifesaving. Also lidocaine, a cardiac drug given in the vein, is dramatically effective in some patients. 

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This is intended as an entree and as a focusing exercise to prove to busy people that there is mutual interest in cooperating. It is also useful to concentrate on one or two good examples and demonstrate success. Internally to the company, I have learned from experience that someone in the company who really cares about the project is required. For example, it is clearly a waste to fund a specific university because one of our employees was an alumnus but had no technical or business interest in the results. After writing the check, we had no other close ongoing relationship with the research until it was time for renewal. 

The liquid constituent of tallow was gonorally tormod oUim nntij more recent research proved it to be a oompouud qI palmilino and oloine. 

The initial research effort may prove to be a broad spectmm of apphcations or solutions to the original problem that in turn provide any number of inventions. When efforts move toward reducing the invention to practice and refining the invention so that it proves to be commercially marketable, certain apphcations may prove to be unfeasible or commercially impractical. As a result, only one apphcation, eg, the creation of a given pattern on the surface of the automobile tire, may ultimately prove commercially marketable. However, ah the solutions which are developed and considered over the research and development process may comprise inventions that are worthy of disclosure and claiming in a patent. An apphcation which is not commercially viable today may become viable within the seventeen-year lifetime of a patent. 

San Diego Gas Electric s system was originally installed as a research project. The intent of the research project was to test the hardware in this application, test the feasibility of operating such a system remotely with no local operators, and to prove the economics. Similar systems had been installed within process plants where operators were present to start and stop the system and monitor its operation. However, this was the first system installed on a natural gas transmission system with completely remote operation. 

The British Non-Ferrous Metals Research Association carried out two series of tests, the results of which have been given by Gilbert and Gilbert and Porter these are summarised in Table 4.12. In the first series tough pitch copper tubes were exposed at seven sites for periods of up to 10 years. The two most corrosive soils were a wet acid peat (pH 4-2) and a moist acid clay (pH 4-6). In these two soils there was no evidence that the rate of corrosion was decreasing with duration of exposure. In the second series phosphorus-deoxidised copper tube and sheet was exposed at five sites for five years. Severe corrosion occurred only in cinders (pH 7 1). In these tests sulphides were found in the corrosion products on some specimens and the presence of sulphate-reducing bacteria at some sites was proved. It is not clear, however, to what extent the activity of these bacteria is a factor accelerating corrosion of copper. 

Much research has been carried out into direct amination of aromatic substrates, typified by the direct conversion of benzene to aniline using ammonia and a catalyst. Although there have been many patented routes conversions, are normally low, making them uneconomic. Modem catalysts based on rhodium and iridium, together with nickel oxide (which becomes reduced), have proved more active,and such is the research activity in this area that it is only a matter of time before such processes become widely used. 

The quantum efficiency of fluorescence of a molecule is decided by the relative rates of fluorescence, internal conversion and intersystem crossing to the triplet state. Up to the present time it has proved impossible to predict these relative rates. Thus, whilst it is now possible to calculate theoretically the wavelengths of maximum absorption and of maximum fluorescence of an organic molecule, it remains impossible to predict which molecular structures will be strong fluorescers. Design of new FBAs still relies on semi-empirical knowledge plus the instinct of the research chemist. 

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