Thalictrum flavum

Chelidonium majus (Papaveraceae) phy 26,3235 87 Cissampelos pareira (Menispermaceae) phy 26,3235 87 Corydalis cava (Papaveraceae) phy 26,3235 87 Corydalis meifolia (Papaveraceae) tet 42, 675 86 Eschscholzia californica (Papaveraceae) phy 26, 3235 87 Eschscholzia lobbii (Papaveraceae) phy 26,3235 87 Fumaria parviflora (Papaveraceae) phy 26, 3235 87 Papaver somniferum (Papaveraceae) phy 26, 3235 87 Thalictrum dipterocarpum (Ranunculaceae) phy 26, 3235 87 Thalictrum flavum (Ranunculaceae) phy 26,3235 87 Thalictrum foetidum (Ranunculaceae) phy 26, 3235 87 Thalictrum rugosum (Ranunculaceae) phy 26,3235 87... 

We have isolated and purified NCS to homogeneity from Thalictrum flavum cultures.112,131 The purified enzyme displayed native and denatured molecular weights of approximately 28 kDa and 15 kDa, respectively, suggesting that NCS is composed of two subunits. These results are at variance with the native molecular weight of 15.5 kDa previously reported for NCS.130 Two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis revealed two major and two minor isoforms. The detection of four NCS isoforms is in agreement with the previous characterization of the enzyme.130 The presence of four isoforms suggests that native NCS exists as either a homodimer consisting of only one isoform, or a heterodimer comprised of... 

Several different tissue types - epidermis, endodermis, laticifers, idioblasts, pericycle, and cortex — have now been implicated in the biosynthesis and/or accumulation of various alkaloids in plants. Recently, we have localized berberine in the endodermis of Thalictrum flavum roots at the onset of secondary growth.150 Rather than being sloughed off, the endodermis was found to undergo extensive anticlinal division leading to an expanding cellular cylinder that ultimately displaced all external tissues. Endodermal-specific berberine accumulation continued throughout root development, but was extended to include 3 to 4 layers of smaller pericycle cells in the oldest roots near the base of the stem. The cell type-specific accumulation of an antimicrobial alkaloid and the unusual development of the endodermis and pericycle in T. flavum roots are consistent with the putative role of berberine in plant defense. 

SAMANANI, N., YEUNG, E.C., FACCHINI, P.J., Cell type-specific protoberberine alkaloid accumulation in Thalictrum flavum. J. Plant Physiol., 2002, in press. 

Genes of protoberberine biosynthesis are abundantly expressed in rhizomes of Thalictrum flavum, but were also active in roots and other organs (Samanani et al. 2005). In roots, transcripts were localized in the immature endodermis and root pericycle. In rhizomes transcripts were found in the protoderm of leaf primordial. As known from other plants, these data show that the sites of synthesis are not identical with the sites of accumulation. In many instances, a long-distance transport must occur. If this is the case, alkaloids have to pass several biomembranes. ABC-transporters and H+-alkaloid antiporters can be involved (see Chapter 1). 

Arabidopsis thaliana Oryza sativa Thalictrum flavum P apaver s omni f e rum Aristolochia contorta Petroselinum crispum Rhodiola sachalinensis Stigmatella aurantiaca Pseudomonas entomophila QL.L.. Pseudomonas putida. L.L.. 

Condensation of dopamine and p-hydroxyphenylacetaldehyde is catalyzed by norcoclaurine synthase to form (S)-norcoclaurine (Fig. lb). Two norcoclaurine synthases with completely unrelated sequences were cloned (Thalictrum flavum and C. japon-ica) and heterologously expressed in E. coli (12-14). One is homologous to iron-dependent diooxygenases, whereas the other... 

Thalictrum fargesii Fr. ex Fin. et Gagnep. (Ranunculaceac)(439,440J Thalictrum flavum L. (Ranunculaceae)[289]... 

Berkner H et al (2007) High-yield expression and purification of isotopically labeled norcoclaurine synthase, a Bet v 1-homologous enzyme, from Thalictrum flavum for NMR studies. Protein Expr Purif 56 197-204... 

The isoquinoline pathway s enzyme orthologs in other plants showed that genes of methyltransferase family such as (R,S)-reticuline 7-0-methyltransferase, coclaurine 4 -0-methyltransferase, (S)-norcoclaurine 6-0-methyltrasferase, columbamine 0-methyltransferase, coclaurine A-methyltransferase, putrescine A-methyltransferase responsible for the production of reticuline, coclaurine, norcoclaurine, columbaine have been reported from Papaver somniferum, Coptis japonica, Thalictrum flavum, Thalictrum tuberosum, Coffea liberica, Cojfea arabica, Cojfea canephora, Nicotiana tabacum. Solarium tuberosum. Datura stramonium, Hyoscyamus niger, and Atropa belladonna. Pathway contains information of about four alkaloids such as dopamine, colchicine, ephedrine, and methamphetamine and identified two missing links. 

E8 (S)-coclaurme-lV- methyltransferase CNMT Thalictrum flavum subsp. glaucum... 

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