Roots development

Root development and function. Edited by P.J. Gregory, J.V. Lake and D.A. Rose... 

After multistep fractionation of cell wall pectin hydrolysate several bioactive fractions were obtained. They exhibited various influence on process of root development in buckwheat thin cell-layer (BTCL) explants (Table 1). 

Among them fractions IPAl, IPA2, 1PA3, IPA4 contained mostly galacturonic acid (Table 2) and apparently consisted of oligogalacturonides. These fractions inhibited root development in BTCL explants, the same effect of such fragments has been observed in tobacco TCL explants [16]. 

Addition of other fractions IPN4-IPN14 to the culture medium resulted in activation of root development in BTCL explants to different extent (Table 1). 

G. Neumann, A. Massonneau, E. Martinoia, and V. Romheld, Physiological adaptations to phosphorus deficiency during proteoid root development in white lupin. Planta 208 313 (1999). 

J. F. Johnson, C. P. Vance, and D. L. Allan, Phosphorus deficiency in Lupinus aUms altered lateral root development and enhanced expression of phosphoenol-pyruvate carboxylase. Plant Physiol. 112 31 (1996). 

H. Lambers. Growth, respiration, exudation and symbiotic as.stx iations the fate of carbon translocated to the roots. Root Development and Function (P. J. Gregory, J. V. Lake, and D. A. Rose, eds.), Cambridge University Pre.ss, London, 1987, p. 125. 

KUBO, H., PEETERS, A.J., AARTS, M.G., PEREIRA, A., KOORNNEEF, M ANTHOCYANINLESS2, a homeobox gene affecting anthocyanin distribution and root development in Arabidopsis, Plant Cell, 1999,11,1217-1226. 

P is crucial for several aspects of plant metabolism, especially the energy and sugar metabolism, and several enzymatic reactions, including photosynthesis. Plants have therefore developed mechanisms for the uptake and efficient use of P. Maize plants recycled N quicker from old to young tissue when P is deficient, leading to earlier leaf senescence (Usuda 1995). P-deficient plants invest more resources into root development and therefore have an increased root-to-shoot biomass ratio compared to well-nourished plants. Furthermore, they accumulate more carbohydrates in leaves and allocate more carbon to the roots (Hermans et al. 2006). 

Manning, W. J., W. A. Feder, P. M. Papia, and I. Perkins. Influence of foliar ozone injury on root development and root surface fungi of pinto bean plants. Environ. Pollut. 1 305-312, 1971. 

Roots on cuttings treated with A4 were developed as well as or better than those on untreated cuttings. The other gibberellins tended to retard root development. The only exception to the order as measured by stem extension was with cucurbits (JO-12, 20), where gibberellin A4 was always the most active, followed by A3, Aj, and A2... 

Bernhardt C, Lee MM, Gonzalez A, Zhang F, Lloyd A, Schiefelbein J. 2003. The bHLH genes GLABRA3 (GL3) and ENHANCER OF GLABRA3 (EGL3) specify epidermal cell fate in the Arabidopsis root. Development 130 6431-6439. 

Gonzalez-Rizzo S, Crespi M, Frugier F. 2006. The Medicago truncatula CRE1 cytokinin receptor regulates lateral root development and early symbiotic interaction with Sinorhizobium meliloti. Plant Cell 18 2680-2693. 

Mathesius U, Weinman JJ, Rolfe BG, Djordjevic MA. 2000. Rhizobia can induce nodules in white clover by hijacking mature cortical cells activated during lateral root development. Mol Plant Microbe Interact 13 170-182. 

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