Textured fabric

Textural fabrics in sediments that record the structure and/or function of biological communities (e.g. stromatolites). 

COMPRESSIVE LAMINATION OF PE FOAM WITH ACETATE TEXTURE FABRICS... 

B. L. Hathome, Woven Stretch and Textured Fabrics, Wiley-Interscience, New York, 1964. 

Figure 4-16. Effect of heating medium on relaxation of textured fabric.

Nicepole . [Nicca USA] Antistat for polyester textured fabrics. 

Bestmann M, Kunze K, Matthews A (2000) The evolution of calcite marble shear zone complex on Thassos island, Greece Microstractural and textural fabrics and their kinematic significance. J Stmc Geol 22 1789-1807... 

Texturing. The final step in olefin fiber production is texturing the method depends primarily on the appHcation. For carpet and upholstery, the fiber is usually bulked, a procedure in which fiber is deformed by hot air or steam jet turbulence in a no22le and deposited on a moving screen to cool. The fiber takes on a three-dimensional crimp that aids in developing bulk and coverage in the final fabric. Stuffer box crimping, a process in which heated tow is overfed into a restricted oudet box, imparts a two-dimensional sawtooth crimp commonly found in olefin staple used in carded nonwovens and upholstery yams. 

Filament. Eully drawn flat yams and partially oriented (POY) continuous filament yams are available in yam sizes ranging from about 3.3—33.0 tex (30—300 den) with individual filament linear densities of about 0.055 to 0.55 tex per filament (0.5—5 dpf). The fully drawn hard yams are used directly in fabric manufacturing operations, whereas POY yams are primarily used as feedstock for draw texturing. In the draw texturing process, fibers are drawn and bulked by heat-setting twisted yam or by entangling filaments with an air jet. Both textured and hard yams are used in apparel, sleepwear, outerwear, sportswear, draperies and curtains, and automotive upholstery. 

Even when crimp is fiiUy developed it is easy to pull out (low energy) and difficult to translate into noticeably bulkier woven and knitted fabrics. It does however improve the absorbency and the cohesion of the staple (important in spun-yam and nonwoven making) and gives a subtiy different texture... 

Leather (qv) has been employed for many uses since ancient time on account of the convertibiUty of an easily decomposed substance into one which resists putrefaction. Leather is stUl an important material with its unique stmcture it is so dense in texture that it resists wind and water while retaining breathabihty and flexibiUty, which makes the resulting goods comfortable. Early attempts to imitate leather included appHcation of oil, mbber, or soluble cotton onto paper or fabrics. However, very Htde progress had been made until the era of synthetic resins began in the twentieth century. 

As engineered stmctures, nonwovens can be designed to have appearances, textures, and other aesthetic properties comparable to traditional wovens and knits, and performance and functional properties superior to traditional wovens and knits. Nonwovens are, indeed, a distinct class of fiber-based materials with the characteristics of fabric and many of its useful properties. 

Extmsion technology is used to produce spunbond, meltblown, and porous-film nonwovens. Fabrics produced by these systems are referred to individually as spunbonded, meltblown, and textured- or apertured-film nonwovens, or genericaHy as polymer-laid nonwovens. These fabrics are produced with machinery associated with such polymer extmsion methods as melt-spinning, film casting, and extmsion coating. In polymer-laid systems, fiber stmctures are simultaneously formed and manipulated. 

The fabric may also be given one or more of a number of other finishing treatments, either ia tandem with web formation and bonding or off-line as a separate operation, as a means of enhancing fabric performance or aesthetic properties. Performance properties iaclude functional characteristics such as moisture transport, absorbency, or repeUency flame retardancy electrical conductivity or static propensity abrasion resistance and frictional behavior. Aesthetic properties iaclude appearance, surface texture, and smell. 

Most of the textured apparel and industrial yams are woven or knitted directly into fabric. The carpet BCF yams can be tufted directly off package into loop pile or velvet constmctions. For the textured saxony constmctions, the BCF and the spun staple yams must be ply-twisted and heat-set. The heat-setting temperature for nylon-6 and nylon-6,6 is 180—220°C in hot—dry atmosphere, and 120—140°C in saturated steam. The yams are twist-set in pressurized autoclaves or continuously on the Superba and Suesson machines (121). Before setting the twist, the yam is heated and relaxed for predevelopment of the bulk. 

Foi example, nylon pile fabrics, exhibiting higher moisture regain, have different traction characteristics under wet and dry conditions than do polypropylene-based materials. Effects of artificial turf fabric constmction on shoe traction ate given in Table 2. Especially effective in aiding fabric surface uniformity is texturing of the pile ribbon, a process available for the two principal pile materials nylon and polypropylene. 

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