Tetranychus spider mites

Fenpyroximate exhibits acaricidal and knockdown activities on phytophagous mites, such as Tetranychus urticae Koch (two-spotted spider mite) and Panony-chus citrP in citrus, apple, pear, peach, grape, etc. Fenpyroximate inhibits the mitochondrial NADH-Co Q reductase, which induces a decrease in ATP content and morphological changes in mitochondria and ultimately shows the acaricidal and knockdown activities. ... 

Resistance to organotin acaricides has been reported in several populations of spider mites. After cyhexatin and fenbutatin oxide were used for 10 to 17 years on pears and apples to control mites, populations of McDaniel spider mite (Tetranychus mcdanieli), two-spotted spider mite (T. urticae), and European red mite (Panonychus ulmi) slowly began to develop strains that were resistant to these chemicals (Croft et al. 1987). 

Two examples of the remarkable potency of avermectin Bj are its LD9Q of 0.02 to 0.03 ppm against the two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae, when applied to bean plants as a foliar spray and its control of the red imported fire ant, Solenopsis invicta, when applied as a bait at a level as low as 25 to 50 mg per acre (19). 

Results from these laboratory studies demonstrated that avermectin Bj had high toxicity for the twospotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae) on bean plants. When applied in solution directly onto adult and nymphal spider mite populations on foliage, avermectin Bj was shown to be 50-200 times as potent as commercially available acaricides, with an LC q of 0.02-0.03 ppm. Additional tests on foliage with insects in the order Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, Homoptera, Orthoptera, Diptera, Isoptera and Hymenoptera confirmed the broad spectrum activity and potency of the avermectin family of compounds and avermectin Bj in particular. Table II provides LC q values for avermectin Bj for the control of larval forms of several of these insects in foliar residue assays (18). 

Insecticides Vetch aphid (Megoura viciae) bollworm (Helicoverpa zea) army worm (Spodoptera littoralis) diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella) mustard beetle (Phaedon cochleariae) corn rootworm (Diabrotica undecimpunctata) whitefly Bemisia tabaci) red spider mite (Tetranychus urticae). 

Dicke, M. (1986). Volatile spider-mite pheromone and host-plant kairomone, involved in spaced-out gregariousness in the spider-mite Tetranychus urticae. Physiological Entomology 11 251-262. 

Sabelis, M. W. and van de baan, H. E. (1983). Location of distant spider-mite colonies by phytoseiid predators demonstration of specific kairomones emitted by Tetranychus urticae and Panonychus ulmi. Entomologia Experimentalis etApplicata 33 303-314. 

Jeebhay, M.F., Baatjies, R., Chang, Y.S., Kim, Y.K., Kim, Y.Y., Major, V., Lopata, A.L. 2007. Risk factors for allergy due to the two-spotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae) among table grape farm workers. International Archives of Allergy and Immunology 144(2) 143-149. 

T14 bees, ants,501 Tetranychus urticae, spider mite 504... 

T56 Kheper, dung beetles 555 danaid butterflies,539 Tetranychus urticae, spider mite 556... 

Figure 3 Induction of terpenoids in cucumber and potato leaves after herbivory by spider mites (Tetranychus urticae) or thrips (Frankinella occidentalis) (Kappers IF, Bouwmeester H, Dicke M, Unpublished results).

The formamidine acaricides and insecticides, chlordimeform and ami-traz, are lethal to all life stages of acarines, but their activity to insects is considerably more restricted (1). Using the southern cattle tick, Boophilus microplus, and the twospotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae, the structural requirements of formamidines for lethality have been elucidated ( -5), an< t ie structure (lethal moiety) for maximum activity is shown in Figure 1. Briefly, the ring must contain two substituents, and they must be located at positions two and four maximum activity was observed when position... 

Host plant resistance to the two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urtlcae, was observed In the geranium, Pelargonium x hortorum. Initial studies Indicated an association between leaf morphology and resistance later studies concluded that resistance was due largely to the presence of glandular trlchomes which produced a toxic exudate. The active components of this exudate have been Identified as anacardlc acids. Inheritance studies Indicated that resistance was dominant to susceptibility and that two dominant complementary genes conditioned resistance. 

Winner, B. L. Inheritance of Resistance of the Two-spotted Spider Mite, Tetranychus urtlcae Koch in the Geranium, Pelargonium x hortorum Bailey. M.S. Thesis, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania. 1975. 

There also appears to be a quantitative relationship between cucurbitacin C content in Cucumis sativus and spider mite (Tetranychus urticae) resistance [86],... 

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