Tetradecyltrimethylammonium chloride

Formation of the Sic Phase in Binary Aqueous Alkyltrimethylam-monium Halide Solutions. These considerations are well illustrated by the formation of the Slc phase in aqueous alkyltrimethylammonium halide solutions (17) (Figure 7). This phase is apparently composed of Si micelles—probably on balance prolate—arranged in a primitive, cubic lattice and rotating fairly freely at the lattice points. The lattice is formed by dodecyl- and tetradecyltrimethylammonium chlorides but not by the hexadecyl or octadecyl chlorides nor by any of the corresponding bromides. This may be expressed as follows. 

SDS sodium dodecyl sulfate HDTC1 hexadecyltrimethylammonium chloride HDTBr hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide Brij 35 polyoxyethylene (23) lauryl ether DTAC dodecyltrimethylammonium chloride TTAC1 tetradecyltrimethylammonium chloride HDPB hexadecylpyridinium bromide KDC potassium decanoate SPFO sodium perfluorooctanoate KTC potassium tetradecanoate... 

An example of exchange with an oxygen-containing functional group is given which utilises a micellar system. Cationic micelles of cetyltrimethylammonium chloride and bromide, and tetradecyltrimethylammonium chloride and bromide, accelerate the reaction of 2-(4-nitro-phenoxy)quinoxaline with hydroxide ion to give quinoxalin-2(l/f)-one. ... 

SDS sodium dodecyl sulfate STS sodium tetradecyl sulfate SHS sodium hexadecyl sulfate TTAC tetradecyltrimethylammonium chloride CTAC hexadecyltrimethylammonium chloride DMPC dimyristoyl phosphatidylcholine DPPC dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine. Exciplex/monomer fluorescence intensity ratio, measured at the exciplex emission maximum (/ ) and at 310 nm (I). 

Dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide (DTAB) cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) tetradecyltrimethylammonium chloride (TTAC)... 

Figure 9 Changes of PMMA particle sizes on long-term storage at 60°C for four microlatices stabilized by different surfactants (A) TTAB ( ) TTAC (tetradecyltrimethylammonium chloride) ( ) CTAB (cetyltrimethylammonium bromide) (A) STAC. (From Ref. 128.)...

Oxidation of terminal olefins to methyl ketones by aqueous palladium chloride and oxygen is very slow, but addition of micellar sodium lauryl sulphate increases the rate of formation of 2-octanone from 1-octene twentyfold at 50 °C. There is weaker catalysis by the non-ionic surfactant Brij-35 and inhibition by cationic surfactants. " Oxidation of diosphenol (35) in basic aqueous tetradecyltrimethylammonium chloride is faster and more effective than in water, giving a higher yield of (36). Two attempts at effecting the enantioselective reduction of aromatic ketones, one in micelles of R-dodecyl-dimethyl-a-phenylethylammonium bromide and the other in sodium cho-late micelles, both give optical yields of less than 2%. Rather more success was obtained in the catalysed oxidation of L-Dopa, 3,4-dihydroxyphenyI-alanine. In the presence of the Cu complex of N-lauroyl-L-histidine in cetyl-trimethylammonium bromide micelles reaction was 1.42 (pH 6.90, 30 °C) to... 

An example of the last effect is the hydroxide-ion catalysed photochemical Nef reaction of (4-nitrophenyl)nitromethane. This requires a prior deprotonation to give (126), which reacts to form 4-nitrobenzaldehyde presumably via (127). In this case it is a favourable ground-state pre-equilibrium which leads to catalysis by cationic micelles. By contrast, the quantum yield for alkaline hydrolysis of 3,4-dinitroanisole is decreased in tetradecyltrimethylammonium chloride micelles, simply because the lifetime of the triplet excited state is greatly reduced in micelles, and this is the species which is reactive towards hydroxide ion (Scheme 7). 

Cetyltrimethylammonium fluoride Dodecyltrimethylammonium chloride Dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide Tetradecyltrimethylammonium fluoride Tetradecyltrimethylammonium chloride Tetradecyltrimethylammonium bromide Benzyldimethylhexadecylammonium chloride... 

Cationic surfactant tetradecyltrimethylammonium chloride. f Cationic surfactant tetradecyltrimethylammonium bromide. 

Fig. 5. An analysis of a coarse atmospheric aerosol extract by CE and IC [49]. CE conditions a 57 cmX75 xm I.D. capillary, distance to detector, 50 cm. Electrolyte 2.25 mM PMA (pyromel-litic acid), 0.75 mM HMOH (hexamethonium hydroxide), 6.50 mM NaOH and 1.60 mM TEA (triethanolamine), pH 7.7 or 2.0 mM NDC (2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid), 0.5 mM TTAB (tetradecyltrimethylammonium bromide) and 5.0 mM NaOH, pH 10.9 30 kV (PMA) or 20 kV (NDC) pressure injection for 10 s indirect UV detection at 254 nm (PMA) or 280 nm (NDC). IC conditions an IonPac-ASlO column with an IonPac-AGlO guard precolumn conductivity detection using an anion self-regenerating suppressor (ASRS-I) in the recycle mode. Analytes 2, chloride 3, sulfate 5, nitrate 6, oxalate 7, formate 10, hydrocarbonate or carbonate 11, acetate 12, propionate 14, benzoate.

It has been shown that the addition of a small amount of the anionic surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) to a microemulsion based on nonionic surfactant increased the rate of decyl sulfonate formation from decyl bromide and sodium sulfite (Scheme 1 of Fig. 2) [59,60]. Addition of minor amounts of the cationic surfactant tetradecyltrimethylammonium gave either a rate increase or a rate decrease depending on the surfactant counterion. A poorly polarizable counterion, such as acetate, accelerated the reaction. A large, polarizable counterion, such as bromide, on the other hand, gave a slight decrease in reaction rate. The reaction profiles for the different systems are shown in Fig. 12. More recent studies indicate that when chloride is used as surfactant counterion the reaction may at least partly proceed in two steps, first chloride substitutes bromide to give decyl chloride, which reacts with the sulfite ion to give the final product [61]. 

The effects of dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide and chloride, tetradecyltrimethylammonium bromide, CTAB, and NaLS on the dissociation constants of 20a and 20c were investigated by Mukerjee and Banerjee (1964), and the differences between the bulk and the micellar surface pK s of the indicators were interpreted in terms of the electrical potential difference and changes in the pX. Thus, the higher pK at the surface of the cationic micelles as compared to that in the bulk solution can be attributed to a lower effective dielectric constant at the micelle surface. 

FIGURE 6.14 Organic formulas of the following cationic hpids (1) benzaUconium chloride (alkyldimethylbenzylammonium chloride, BA) (2) cetrimide (tetradecyltrimethylammonium bromide, CTAB) (3) cetylpyridinium chloride (hexadecylpyridinium chloride, CPC) (4) dimethyldioctadecylammonium bromide (DDAB) (5) N,N-di-( 3-stearoylethyl)-N,N-dim-ethyl-ammonium chloride (Esterquat lEQ) (6) N-[l-(2,3-dioleoyloxy)propyl]-N,N,N-trime-thylammonium chloride (DOTAP). 

Tetradecyltributyl phosphonium chloride. See Tributyl (tetradecyl) phosphonium chloride Tetradecyltrimethylammonium bromide. See Myrtrimonium bromide Tetradifon CAS 116-29-0... 

Cocopropylenediamine Bis(3-aminopropyl) laurylamine Monoalkyl quaternary ammonium compounds Tetradecyltrimethylammonium bromide Hexadecyltrimethylammonium chloride Cocotrimethylammonium chloride Coco(fractionated)trimethylammonium chloride... 

A number of molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of surfactant monolayers have been published during the last decade. In these studies, the water surface was often modelled as a flat, amorphous plane. Due to severe computer power restrictions, there have been only a few attempts in which the surface was modelled in all atomic details. Monolayers of trimethylammonium chloride at the air/water interface and the properties of tetradecyltrimethylammonium bromide monolayers have been simulated. In addition to these computer experiments, the structures of phenol, p-n-pentylphenol and A,V -diethyl-p-nitroaniline adsorbed on water have been investigated by MD simulations. Recently, molecular dynamics simulations of sodium dodecyl sulfate at the water/vapour and the water/CCU interfaces in regimes of small surface concentrations have been performed (4). 

Klampfl et al. have developed a method based on CE coupled with CD for the simultaneous determination of chloride, sulfate, oxalate, formate, malate, citrate, succinate, pyruvate, acetate, lactate, phosphate, and pyroglutamate in beer [21]. The anionic species were well separated and detected using a piece of a 60-cm-long fused-silica capillary at a separation voltage of -30 kV in a 7.5 mM 4-aminobenzoic acid containing 0.12 mM tetradecyltrimethylammonium bromide, pH adjusted to 5.75 with histidine. 

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