Tetrabutylphosphonium chloride

It is known that tr-allylpalladium acetate is converted into allyl acetate by reductive elimination when it is treated with CO[242,243]. For this reason, the carbonylation of allylic acetates themselves is difficult. The allylic acetate 386 is carbonylated in the presence of NaBr (20-50 mol%) under severe conditions, probably via allylic bromides[244]. However, the carbonylation of 5-phenyl-2,4-pentadienyl acetate (387) was carried out in the presence of EtiN without using NaBr at 100 °C to yield methyl 6-phenyl-3,5-hexadienoate (388)[245J. The dicarbonylation of l,4-diacetoxy-2-butene to form the 3-hexenedioate also proceeds by using tetrabutylphosphonium chloride as a ligand in 49% yield[246]. 

Phosphonium salts are readily prepared by the reaction of tertiary phosphines with alkyl or henzylic haHdes, eg, the reaction of tributylphosphine [998-40-3] with 1-chlorobutane [109-69-3] to produce tetrabutylphosphonium chloride [2304-30-5]. 

Kinetics are slow and many hours are requited for a 95% conversion of the reactants. In the case of the subject compound, there is evidence that the reaction is autocatalytic but only when approximately 30% conversion to the product has occurred (19). Reaction kinetics are heavily dependent on the species of halogen ia the alkyl haHde and decrease ia the order I >Br >C1. Tetrabutylphosphonium chloride exhibits a high solubiHty ia a variety of solvents, for example, >80% ia water, >70% ia 2-propanol, and >50% ia toluene at 25°C. Its analogues show similar properties. One of the latest appHcations for this phosphonium salt is the manufacture of readily dyeable polyester yams (20,21). 

In addition to tetrabutylphosphonium chloride, typical phosphonium salts that can be produced include tetraoctylphosphonium bromide [23906-97-0], tetrabutylphosphonium acetate [17786-43-5] (monoacetic acid), and tetrabutylphosphonium bromide [3115-68-2]. Inmost cases, these compounds can be prepared with alternative counterions. 

Herriott and Picker (1975) have studied the reaction between sodium thiophenoxide and 1-bromobutane in benzene-water catalysed by various quaternary ammonium salts and by the dicyclohexyl-18-crown-6 isomers ([20] + [21]). The catalytic activities, as judged from the second-order rate constants, span a range of 104. The best catalyst appeared to be dicyclohexyl- 18-crown-6, directly followed by tetrabutylphosphonium chloride and tetrabutylammonium iodide. 

Baney and Gaul synthesized methylchloropolysilane from disilanes ( i-Si=) by redistribution reactions of silicon-chlorine/silicon-silicon bonds [9,10]. Distilled mixed disilanes were catalytically rearranged with tetrabutylphosphonium chloride (1%) to produce preceramic polymer. The polymer obtained is considered to have a polycyclic -Si-Si- chain. The structural units are sSi (CH3), =Si(CH3)2, and =Si(CH3)Cl. Several new polymers were derived from methylchloropolysilane by substituting the remaining silicon-chlorine bonds by other chemical groups [11]. 

ILs are a special class of molten salts that are liquid at temperatures below 100 °G, such as tetrabutylphosphonium chloride (m.p. 80 °G) or a 1/1 mixture of triethylammonium chloride/copper chloride (m.p. 25 °G). This type of molten salt has been known since the end of the nineteenth century, but it was only at the beginning of the 1990s that this class of fluids entered the organometallic chemistry scene with the use of water- and air-sensitive organoalumi-nate molten salts as solvents for the biphasic oligomerization of alkenes catalyzed by nickel compounds.Since then, and in particular with the advent of more air- and water-compatible room-temperature the renaissance... 

Phosphonium, tetrabutyl-, bromide. See Tetrabutylphosphonium bromide Phosphonium, tetrabutyl-, chloride. See Tetrabutylphosphonium chloride Phosphonium, tetrakis (hydroxymethyl)-, sulfate (2 1). See Tetrakis (hydroxymethyl) phosphonium sulfate... 

Tetra-N-butylphosphonium bromide. See Tetrabutylphosphonium bromide Tetrabutylphosphonium chloride CAS 2304-30-5 EINECS/ELINCS 218-964-8 Synonyms Phosphonium, tetrabutyl-, chloride Empirical CisHseCIP Formula (n-C4Hg)4PCI... 

Benzyl trimethyl ammonium hydroxide Cetrimonium bromide Dimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride Laurtrimonium bromide Laurtrimonium chloride Methyl tributyl ammonium chloride Tetrabutyl ammonium bromide Tetrabutyl ammonium chloride Tetrabutyl ammonium fluoride Tetra-n-butyl ammonium hydrogen sulfate Tetra-n-butyl ammonium hydroxide Tetrabutyl ammonium iodide Tetrabutylphosphonium acetate, monoacetic acid Tetrabutylphosphonium bromide Tetrabutylphosphonium chloride Tetraethylammonium bromide Tetraethylammonium hydroxide Tetrakis (hydroxymethyl) phosphonium chloride Tetramethylammonium bromide Tetramethylammonium chloride Tetramethylammonium hydroxide Tetramethyl ammonium iodide Tetraphenyl phosphonium bromide Tetrapropyl ammonium bromide Tetrapropyl ammonium iodide Tributylamine Tributyl phosphine Tributyl (tetradecyl) phosphonium chloride Trioctyl (octadecyl) phosphonium iodide catalyst, phase-transfer Tetraethylammonium chloride Tetraoctylphosphonium bromide Tri-n-butyl methyl ammonium chloride Tri methyl phenyl ammonium hydroxide catalyst, phenolics Triethylamine... 

Sulfur dioxide Tall oil N-Tallow-1,3-diaminopropane dioleate Tallow nitrile Tetrabromophthalate diol Tetra-n-butoxysilane Tetrabutylphosphonium acetate, monoacetic acid Tetrabutylphosphonium bromide Tetrabutylphosphonium chloride 1,1,1,2-Tetrachloroethane... 

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