Testing Organization for Economic

Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). Draft Update OECD Guideline or Testing of Chemicals - Fish Early-Life Stage Toxicity Test, Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development Paris, France, 1991 OECD guidelines, TGP/145, 22 pp. 

To illustrate how the general process described above could be performed, an imaginary case study is described in this section, using a simple QSAR for nonpolar narcosis to the fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas). This QSAR was chosen because it represents a simple, relatively well-understood endpoint for toxicity. Furthermore, the endpoint is included in OECD Test Guideline 203 on the Fish Acute Toxicity Test (Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, 1992), and the QSAR is recommended by the EU TGD (European Economic Community, 1996). A further consideration was the availability of test data to form an external test set. 

OECD, 2004. Guideline for Testing of Chemicals No 202. Daphnia sp, Acute Immobilization Test. Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development, Paris, 12 pp. 

OECD 201 (1984) Guideline for testing of chemicals alga, growth inhibition test. Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, Paris. 

The main conclusion of an expert workshop on endocrine modulators and wildlife in 1997 was that some existing test methods, as defined in guidelines published by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), could be adapted to incorporate specific endocrine disrupting endpoints, but that there might also be the need to develop new tests, e.g. for fish. On behalf of the UK Government, the MRC Institute for Environment and Health (lEH)... 

Test facilities in the OECD (Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development) member countries that conduct regulatory studies must comply with the OECD Principles of Good Laboratory Practice (GLP), as set out in Council Decision C(97)186/Final. These are referred to as GLP Principles. GLP came into prominence in the late 1970s in response to some malpractice in research and development activities of pharmaceutical companies and contract... 

Good Laboratory Practice is a quality system that is tailored to the needs of the modem laboratories. Its principles are very close to the principles of the modem quality management systems like ISO 9000 and ISO 17025. However, GLP is specific to the non-clinical health and environmental safety studies, it covers physical and chemical test systems, and gives emphasis to biological test systems. It is of utmost importance to note that GLP principles were set out by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) and after being modified they were adopted by the Emopean Union and are now the Commission Directive 1999/11/EC. 

Test guidelines used, for example Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), Food and Drug Administration (FDA). 

Good Laboratory Practice in the Testing of Chemicals, Final Report of the Group of Experts on Good Laboratory Practice. No. 42353, Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development 2 rue Andre-Pascal, 75775 Paris Cedex 16, France, 1982. 

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