Ternary Subsystems

Aluminum, boron, carbon, iron, nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, sulfur and titanium are the common impurities in the SoG-Si feedstock. Arsenic and antimony are frequently used as doping agents. Transition metals (Co, Cu, Cr, Fe, Mn, Mo, Ni, V, W, and Zr), alkali and alkali-earth impurities (Li, Mg, and Na), as well as Bi, Ga, Ge, In, Pb, Sn, Te, and Zn may appear in the SoG-Si feedstock. A thermochemical database that covers these elements has recently been developed at SINTEF Materials and Chemistry, which has been designed for use within the composition space associated with the SoG-Si materials. All the binary and several critical ternary subsystems have been assessed and calculated results have been validated with the reliable experimental data in the literature. The database can be regarded as the state-of-art equilibrium relations in the Si-based multicomponent system. 

The binary compound BCX3 divides the AX-BX-CX2 and DX2-BX-CX2 ternary systems into four simple ternary subsystems. The crystallization paths of ternary mixtures end in one of the six ternary eutectic points E , where the ternary mixtures solidify. The crystallization path of any quaternary mixture follows the dotted boundary lines inside the concentration tetrahedron and ends in one of the two quaternary eutectic points Eq,. 

Table 3.6. Coefficients C[ of the concentration dependence of the molar excess Gibbs energy of mixing and the standard deviations of the temperature of primary crystallization in the ternary subsystems of the quaternary system KF-KCl-KBF4-K2TiF6...

This paper gives an overview of experimental results and thermodynamic calculations in the Si-B-C-N system and its binary and ternary subsystems. 

Liquid-Hquid equilibrium data from the DECHEMA data series [112] is applied for the ternary subsystem ethyl acetate/ethanol/water in combination with the liquid-liquid data available in Properties Plus . 

The solubilities of naphthalene in the ternary subsystems I and II were calculated as developed earlier in ternary mixed solvents. It should be noted that the water/ methanol/l-propanol/l-butanol solvent is not completely miscible. Only the homogeneous regions of mixed solvents are considered here. The solubility predictions for the quaternary mixed solvent are listed and compared with experiment in Table 10.2. 

Spee, M. (1990) Fluid phase equilibria of the quaternary systems carbon dioxide J- 1-dodecanol - - hexadecane - - 1,8-octanediol and carbon dioxide -j- 1-dodecanol J- hexadecane f dotriacontane and some binary and ternary subsystems between 293 K and 413 K and at pressures up to 100 MPa (in German), Doctoral dissertation. University of Bochum, Germany. 

The necessary model parameters for the activity coefficients of electrolytes in the system at 298.15 K were fit from obtained osmotic coefficients and the sub-ternary subsystems by the multiple and unary linear regression methods. 

Figure 3.10 Network description of the four-component (quaternary) system CaO (q-AijOj (A)-MgO (M)-Si02 (S) in the vicinity of the giobai quaternary eutectic P, in which the phase assembly anorthite (AN)-diopside (Di)-spinel (SP)-forsterite (FO) is stabie. The nodes labeled Y, I,),. .. Q, R, U refer to quaternary compositions which are connected by phase boundary lines along which the ternary subsystems (labeled with...

Quaternary compounds will be located inside the phase volume of the tetrahedron compositions representing the four associated ternary subsystems are positioned on the triangular surface planes of the tetrahedron, and the six binary marginal systems constitute the edges of the tetrahedron. For example, quaternary compositions are located within the subtetrahedron ( P in Figure 3.10) An-Di-Fo-Sp bounded by the four ternary systems An-Fo-Di, An-Fo-Sp, An-Di-Sp, and Di-Sp-Fo. The six binary systems are An-Di, An-Sp, Sp-Fo, Fo-Di, Fo-An and Di-Fo. 

Prikhodko, S. L Komarova, L. F. Gorelova, O. M. Gorlova, N. N. Bondaletov, V. G. Liquid-vapor phase equilibria in binary and ternary subsystems constituted by pyrocondensate components from the pyrolysis of strain-mn naphtha [Russ]. Zh. Prikl. Khim. (Leningrad) 2005, 78, 403-407. 

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