Ternary alloys characterization

Surface and Bulk Characterization of Ternary Alloys (ThNl Fe )... 

Owing to their numerous actual and potential applications, several ternary and complex systems of these metals, especially of aluminium, have been investigated a few examples of the systematics of Al-Me-X alloys are presented in 5.18 and in Fig. 5.41. Recent contributions to this subject have been given with the study of the systems R-Al-Cu (Riani et al. 2005, and references there in). These rare earth alloys, characterized by the formation of several intermediate phases, are interesting also as raw materials for the preparation of amorphous alloys. Regularities in the trends of their properties have been underlined. The experimental and calculated data relevant to the binary systems Al-Fe, Al-Ni and Fe-Ni have been examined and discussed in a paper concerning the assessment of the ternary Al-Fe-Ni system (Eleno et al. 2006). 

The present work reports hydrogen dissociation pressures obtained as a function of temperature on homogeneous samples of LaNis-a Ab. ternary alloys. The derived thermodynamic values are considered to be more accurate than those reported by us on less well-characterized samples (2). Some apparent relationships of the structure of the alloys to the chemical properties of the hydrides are also discussed. 

Ternary (and even higher) Pd alloys have also been studied for flieir potential to optimize membrane performance in multiple dimensions - permeability and poison resistance, for example. Experimental exploration of ternary composition space is challenging - many samples must be prepared and characterized to examine composition space with reasonable resolution. Thus, relatively few experimental studies of the hydrogen permeability of ternary Pd alloys have been reported most, but not all, examine a narrow range of compositions of a single ternary alloy. 

Braun F, Tarditi A, Miller JB, Comagha LM. Pd-based binary and ternary alloy membranes morphological and perm-selective characterization in the presence of H2S. J Membr Sci 2014 450 299-307. 

Phase equilibria in the isothermal sections at 870 K (0-40 at.% Sm) and 670 K (40-100 at.% Sm) have been determined by Mruz (1988) using X-ray powder diffraction and microstructural analyses of 342 ternary alloys synthesized by arc melting ingots of Sm (99.77 mass%), Co (99.90 mass%) and Ge (99.99 mass%). The alloys were annealed in evacuated quartz tubes for 500-900 hours. The phase relations are characterized by the formation of eighteen ternary compounds and by the existence of rather extended solid solutions originating at SmsGe3 (up to 17.5 at.% Co), SmCos (up to 15 at.% Ge) and SmCo3 (up to 10 at.% Ge). Phase equilibria in the isothermal sections at 870 K and 670 K are presented in fig. 75. 

Recently, [1995Pal] reinvestigated flic phase equilibria of flie Fe comer and reported the liquidus surface, three isothermal sections and three temperature-composition sections. [1995Pal] used 99.99% Al, 99.97% Fe and graphite. They prepared 50 ternary alloys by arc melting. The alloys were equilibrated at 1200 (24 or 2 h), 1000 (50 h) and 800°C (240 h) and water quenched. The microstracture and phases were characterized by EPMA, SEM and XRD. 

Very recently, [2004Euml, 2004Eum2] reported an isothermal section at 1000°C. They prepared 25 ternary alloys by levitation melting and using elements of following purity 99.999% Al, 99.95% Fe, 99.95% Mo. The alloys were annealed at 1000°C for 200 h followed by quenching in iced brine. The alloys were characterized by conventional metallography, electron probe microanalysis and X-ray diffraction. 

Among the most important parameters for materials characterization are the compositions of binary Gej Sij ) alloys, ternary Ai B C (e.g.,... 

Y-Ni-Sb. Figure 1 represents the isothermal section of Y-Ni-Sb phase diagram at 870 K (0-50 at. % Sb) which was studied by Zavalii (1982). The isothermal section was constructed by means of X-ray powder analysis of alloys, which were arc melted and subsequently annealed in evacuated silica tubes for 400 h and finally quenched in water. Starting materials were Y 99.8 wt.%, Ni 99.99 wt.% and Sb 99.99 wt.%. The ternary phase equilibria diagram is characterized by the existence of two ternary compounds YNi2Sb2 (1) and YNiSb (2). 

Mi) Actinide-Metal Group. Alloys of U-Pu-C and U-Zr-C can be used as a nuclear fuel. Both systems are characterized by extensive mutual solubility and no ternary compounds. However, U forms ternary carbides with several transition metals to give the compound UMCj, where M = Mo, W, Re, Rh, Ir, Mn, Cr, Ni, Co, Fe or Tc. 

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