Powder XRD analysis

The ability of the new precursors to decompose thermally to yield singlephase CIS was investigated by powder XRD analysis and EDS on the nonvolatile solids from the TGA experiments of selected compounds. Furthermore, using TGA-evolved gas analysis (EGA), the volatile components from the degradation of the SSPs could be analyzed via real-time fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and mass spectrometry (MS), thus providing information for the decomposition mechanism.3 The real-time FTIR spectrum for 7 and 8 shows absorptions at approximately 3000,1460,1390,1300, and 1250 cm-1 (see Fig. 6.7). 

The powder XRD analysis of the components present in a mixture was one of the first applications carried out with this methodology. In fact, in 1919, Hull was the first to apply the XRD methodology in chemical analysis [43], However, Klug and Alexander [36] gave a big impetus to the development of the XRD phase analysis method. 

In another study of Au°-(GSH), Wright etal. have synthesized nanoparticles in a completely aqueous media under anaerobic conditions. Following the standard reduction preparations with sodium borohydride, gold nanoparticles were produced with a plasmon resonance band at 512nm. Powder XRD analysis match a face-centered cubic lattice, while TEM showed that the particles had an average diameter of 4.5 1.2 nm. ... 

Additionally, Pt nanoclusters were synthesized with glutathione as a ligand. Upon rednction of a preformed Pt(II)GSH complex, nanoparticulate material of Pt -(GSH) was formed. These nanoparticles had an average diameter of 17.0 6.2 nm and demonstrated no plasmon absorbance due to the electronic and dielectric properties of the metal. Powder XRD analysis confirmed a face-centered cubic lattice stmcture for the material. ... 

Powder XRD analysis of the reduced LnCoO, perovskites showed only the presence of the sesquioxides La,0, (hex), Nd.O, (hex), Sm,0, (cub) and Gd,0, (cub). The apparent absence of reflections for the metallic cobalt indicates a high metallic dispersion with Co" particles smaller... 

Li G, Peacor DR, Buseck PR, Akai P (1998) Modification of illite-muscovite crystallite size distributions by sample preparation for powder XRD analysis. Can Mineral 36 1435-1451 Lindgreen H, Hansen PL (1991) Ordering of illite-smectite in upper Jurassic claystones from the North Sea. Clay Minerals 26 105-125... 

Stomach acid extraction, with metal concentrations reported on a dry weight basis. Total elemental contents in the dust sample were determined using strong acid digestion followed by induetively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), as follows Ca 8.95 wt% Fe 0.79 wt% A1 1.16 wt% Mn 156 mg kg Ni 45.5 mg kg Cu 260 mg kg Zn 1,220 mg kg and Pb 1,670 mg kg . The bioaceessible eontent of Pb as determined by simulated stomach acid digestion was 1,586 mg kg . Bulk powdered XRD analysis identified the presence of calcite and various alumino-silicates. 

The powder XRD analysis of a series of InAs nanocrystal sizes is shown in Figure 3.22, where the peak positions are seen to index well with the bulk InAs lattice reflections. Information on the domain size of the sample can be obtained from the width of the lattice reflections, using the Debye-Scherrer formula for spherical particles [52] ... 

Das, 1953Das] Microstructural and powder XRD analysis of annealed specimens Isothermal section at 1200°C... 

Application of standard J- and D-HMQC techniques on the Pb4(V02) (P04)3 compounds in 2012 leads to a reinvestigation of the nature of the P—V interactions [56]. The structure compound derived from conventional powder XRD analysis is reported in Fig. 4.6A. For the sake of clarity, the P—V connectivity scheme has been sketched in Fig. 4.6B. The network... 

Porous cyanometallates (M3[M (CN)6]2) have been obtained by mixing [M (CN)6] (M = Co, Fe) solution with (M= Fe, Co, Mn, Ni) salts. A detailed characterization of these materials has been performed with FTIR and powder XRD analysis. The CO2 adsorption measurements have also been performed up to 50 bar with a Rubotherm Magnetic Suspension Balance to investigate the microporous behavior of these maerials. 

In this work, metal ions have been reacted with hexacyanometallates systematically to synthesize a series of PB compounds. Characterization of these samples has been performed with Infrared spectroscopy, since bridging cyanide ligands of PB systems exhibit distinctive peaks at 2000-2200 cm . The crystal structure of samples have been confirmed with powder XRD analysis. Finally, the CO2 adsorption capacity of these samples will be measured using magnetic suspension sorption device. 

Rayalu et al. [12] have estimated the crystallinity of fly ash zeolites-A using XRD and infrared (IR) spectroscopy for identification, quantification and their framework structure. Zeolite A has been synthesized by fusion of mixtures of fly ash and sodium hydroxide in 1 1.2 ratios at temperatures from 550 to 600 °C for 1-1.5 h of heating time. It has been reported that powder XRD analysis was employed to monitor the formation of zeolite-A. The infrared, IR, technique has been proposed for monitoring crystaUinityof end product after synthesis. Based on the characterization results, it has been opined that the unreacted fly ash associated with the zeohte-A as impurities in the final yield, have negligible influence on its application as an adsorbent or cation exchanger. As such, the crystallinity of end product as per interpretation of XRD peaks of commercial zeolite-A have been reported to match closely with the crystallinity interpreted from IR spectrum of the mineral. 

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