TERMINOLOGY separation

Symbols separated by commas represent equivalent recommendations. Symbols for physical and chemical quantities should be printed in italic type. Subscripts and superscripts which are themselves symbols for physical quantities should be italicized all others should be in Roman type. Vectors and matrices should be printed in boldface italic type, e.g., B, b. Symbols for units should be printed in Roman type and should remain unaltered in the plural, and should not be followed by a full stop except at the end of a sentence. References International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Quantities, Units and Symbols in Physical Chemistry, Blackwell, Oxford, 1988 Manual of Symbols and Terminology for Physicochemical Quantities and Units, Pure Applied Chem. 31 577-638 (1972), 37 499-516 (1974), 46 71-90 (1976), 51 1-41, 1213-1218 (1979) 53 753-771 (1981), 54 1239-1250 (1982), 55 931-941 (1983) lUPAP-SUN, Symbols, Units and Nomenclature in Physics, PV ica 93A 1-60 (1978). 

The denomination of odors was schematically related to two separate domains, both related to the memory stimulus of an event concomitant with the perception of the odor. One domain was based on an actual reference point that contains the odor vectors the other was associated with an odor stimulus based on imagination, ie, what image is evoked by the stimulus. With such a system, the final descriptive terminology used would more often than not be expressed in esoteric language, causing confusion and even communication breakdown. The work of Jaubert (1) was the origin of a more standardized descriptive system in the field of aroma description. 

Unhardeaed whole cut tallow and palm acids contain 40—45% oleic acid, which is derived by separation technology. This used to be done by a pressing technique thereby the terminology pressed stearics. In the 1990s the separation is done usiag solvents and/or refrigeration techniques. Oleic and pressed stearics account for about one-third of all U.S. acid production. 

This chapter describes the basic principles and procedures for the evaluation of overpressure potential in plant equipment, and for the selection, design and specification of appropriate pressure relieving facilities. The design of closed safety valves and flare headers is included in this chapter, but blowdown drums and flares are covered separately. To properly discuss this subject, the reader should become familiar with the following terminology. 

Research on the nature of substituent constants continues, with results that can bewilder the nonspecialist. The dominant approach is a statistical one, and the main goal is to dissect substituent effects into separate electronic causes. This has led to a proliferation of terms, symbols, and conclusions. A central issue is (here we change terminology somewhat from our earlier usage) to determine the balance of field and inductive effects contributing to the observed polar electronic effect. In... 

In planar ehromatography, the fraetions are not always transferred to another separation system, but rather a seeondary separation is developed, orthogonally on the same ehromatographie plate. Therefore, for all substanees not eompletely separated it is possible that baseline separation ean be aehieved by means of a seeond separation proeess with an appropriate mobile (stationary) phase. Figure 8.2 shows that in the seeond dimension a theoretieally unlimited number of seeondary eolumns ean be applied. Beeause of this, the terminology two-dimensional PC is not suffieiently... 

In a fundamental sense, the miscibility, adhesion, interfacial energies, and morphology developed are all thermodynamically interrelated in a complex way to the interaction forces between the polymers. Miscibility of a polymer blend containing two polymers depends on the mutual solubility of the polymeric components. The blend is termed compatible when the solubility parameter of the two components are close to each other and show a single-phase transition temperature. However, most polymer pairs tend to be immiscible due to differences in their viscoelastic properties, surface-tensions, and intermolecular interactions. According to the terminology, the polymer pairs are incompatible and show separate glass transitions. For many purposes, miscibility in polymer blends is neither required nor de-... 

Separation factor, as the terminology implies, concerns the accomplishment of separation of say one metallic species from the other. When two metal ions, X and Y, are required to be extracted from an aqueous solution, the separation factor, S, of the two metal ions is given by ... 

The situation becomes more complex when two separate diazotisations and azo couplings are required. Four separate strategies leading to disazo colorants may be identified, using the commonly accepted SDC terminology and symbolism, exemplified as follows as strategies (a)-(d). 

Material formed from the coal which appears in the distillate is here called solvent-range material, following the terminology used by Whitehurst et al. (5). Its mass was estimated by mass balance over the material recovered from the reaction as it could not be separated from the large excess of Tetralin and Tetralin breakdown products also contained in the distillate. This procedure includes with the mass of solvent-range material any gases and water formed in the reaction. 

Use concrete examples with familiar notations, while still enforcing strict rules about terminology and definitions, to review and interpret formal models for customers who may not want to see models. Strictly separate external and internal views. 

Here, A is the random path, B the longitudinal molecular diffusion and C the RTMT contributions with the velocity of the mobile phase u shown separately. H is referred to as the Height Equivalent to a Theoretical Plate and is terminology borrowed from distillation. While the distillation HETP is not truly applicable, the terminology has persisted. It can be shown that the H in this expression is the equivalent to variance/unit length. This is the expression introduced by Van Deemter and co-workers in 1956 in a discussion of band broadening. 

In the terminology of association theory p is the degree of association into complexes which have been defined to include excited states up to a separation of < -th nearest neighbours (cf. Section VI-A). The result for nearest-neighbour association in the limit of zero concentration is similar to, but not quite identical with,... 

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