Roman type

Symbols separated by commas represent equivalent recommendations. Symbols for physical and chemical quantities should be printed in italic type. Subscripts and superscripts which are themselves symbols for physical quantities should be italicized all others should be in Roman type. Vectors and matrices should be printed in boldface italic type, e.g., B, b. Symbols for units should be printed in Roman type and should remain unaltered in the plural, and should not be followed by a full stop except at the end of a sentence. References International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Quantities, Units and Symbols in Physical Chemistry, Blackwell, Oxford, 1988 Manual of Symbols and Terminology for Physicochemical Quantities and Units, Pure Applied Chem. 31 577-638 (1972), 37 499-516 (1974), 46 71-90 (1976), 51 1-41, 1213-1218 (1979) 53 753-771 (1981), 54 1239-1250 (1982), 55 931-941 (1983) lUPAP-SUN, Symbols, Units and Nomenclature in Physics, PV ica 93A 1-60 (1978). 

To locate a citation of a reference in the text, look for the author s name in the author index. The full reference can be found on the page number that appears in bold in the first column the reference number itself appears in italics in the second column and the page(s) of the text where the reference is cited appear in roman type in the. third column. 

For example, reference 139, whose full citation appears on page 53, is listed under Chambers, O. R. The number 53 appears in bold, and the number 48, which refers to the page in which reference 139 is cited in the text, is in roman type. 

Values in roman type are based on concentrations expressed in mol dm . Values in italics are based on concentrations expressed in mole fractions. The difference (b)-(a) refers to the replacement reaction... 

Roman-type numbers refer to discussion of work of the author cited. Italic numbers, with reference numbers superscripted, refer to chapter bibliographies. 

Page numbers in roman type indicate that the listed author is cited on that page page numbers in italic denote the page where the literature citation is given. 

Shown here are deduced consensus sequences (in roman type) and actual sequences from known substrates (italic). The Ser (S), Thr (T), orTyr (Y) residue that undergoes phosphorylation is in red all amino acid residues are shown as their one-letter abbreviations (see Table 3-1). X represents any amino acid B, any hydrophobic amino acid Sp,Tp, and Yp, already phosphorylated Ser, Thr, and Tyr residues,... 

Ultrapotassic rocks from Tuscany have a lamproitic composition (see Appendix for nomenclature of potassic rocks). Older lamproites (14 Ma) occur at Sisco, Corsica. Kamafugitic rocks make up a few monogenetic centres in the internal zones of northern-central Apennines (Umbria, Latium, Abruzzi), and have been found at Vulsini and as ejected blocks in pyroclastic deposits at Colli Albani (Federico et al. 1994). Roman-type potassic and ultrapotassic rocks (KS and HKS) form the bulk of magma-... 

This province is characterised by the close association of KS and HKS rocks, showing diverse geochemical and isotopic signatures. Some low-potassium mafic rocks falling in the calc-alkaline compositional field have been also found. Potassic rocks display ratios of some incompatible trace elements such as Ba/La, and radiogenic isotope signatures that are close to those of the Neapolitan volcanoes (Vesuvio, Campi Flegrei, Ischia). On the contrary, ultrapotassic rocks resemble the Colle Albani and other Roman volcanoes. Therefore, the Ernici-Roccamonfina zone is characterised by the coexistence of Roman-type and Campanian-type rocks. 

Roman-type potassic series (KS) has slightly higher K20% (about 2.5-3.0 in the mafic range) and K20/Na20 (1.5-2.5) than shoshonites. KS rocks are saturated to slightly undersaturated in silica. The entire rock suite includes trachybasalts, shoshonite, latite and trachyte. 

Bergen van MJ, Ghezzo C, Ricci CA (1983) Minette inclusions in the rhyodacitic lavas of Mt. Amiata (central Italy) mineralogical and chemical evidence of mixing between Tuscan- and Roman-type magmas. J Volcanol Geotherm Res 19 1-35... 

Because this book covers a wide rage of subfields in chemistry and physics, we will use many different abbreviations. To avoid confusion, notice that in Table 1.1 (and throughout this book) units are always written with normal (Roman) type. Variables or physical quantities are always either Greek characters or written in italic type. Thus, for example, m is the abbreviation for meters, but is the abbrevation for mass. 

SI units and their symbols have distinctive type styles. Items given in italic type are variables, quantity symbols, superscripts and subscripts if they represent variables, quantities, or running numbers. Items given in roman type are unit symbols, superscripts, and subscripts that are descriptive. The typeface used in the surrounding text of the document does not change these rules. 

Set in small capitals Set in italic type Set in roman type... 

Use italic type for genotypes (representations of genes) and roman type for phenotypes (representations of proteins). 

Names of restriction endonucleases should follow the typeface conventions of the names from which they were derived use italic type for the three-letter portion derived from the genus and species name use roman type for additional strain designators (letters and/or arabic numerals) and for the roman numeral identifiers. 

Symbols for the chemical elements are not treated as abbreviations. They need not be defined, and they are typeset in roman type. (See Table 13-1 on p 270 f.)... 

Do not confuse abbreviations and mathematical symbols. An abbreviation is usually two or more letters a mathematical symbol should generally be only one letter, possibly with a subscript or superscript. An abbreviation may be used in narrative text but seldom appears in equations a mathematical symbol is preferred in equations and may also be used in text. For example, in text with no equations, PE may be used for potential energy, but in mathematical text and equations, p is preferred. Abbreviations are typeset in roman type most mathematical symbols are typeset in italic type. 

Leave a space before and after functions set in roman type, unless the argument is enclosed in parentheses, brackets, or braces. 

Use italic type for subscripts and superscripts that are themselves symbols for physical quantities or numbers. Use roman type for subscripts and superscripts that are abbreviations and not symbols. 

When an equation is too long to fit on one line, break it after an operator that is not within an enclosing mark (parentheses, brackets, or braces) or break it between sets of enclosing marks. Do not break equations after integral, product, and summation signs after trigonometric and other functions set in roman type or before derivatives. 

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