Italic type

Symbols separated by commas represent equivalent recommendations. Symbols for physical and chemical quantities should be printed in italic type. Subscripts and superscripts which are themselves symbols for physical quantities should be italicized all others should be in Roman type. Vectors and matrices should be printed in boldface italic type, e.g., B, b. Symbols for units should be printed in Roman type and should remain unaltered in the plural, and should not be followed by a full stop except at the end of a sentence. References International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Quantities, Units and Symbols in Physical Chemistry, Blackwell, Oxford, 1988 Manual of Symbols and Terminology for Physicochemical Quantities and Units, Pure Applied Chem. 31 577-638 (1972), 37 499-516 (1974), 46 71-90 (1976), 51 1-41, 1213-1218 (1979) 53 753-771 (1981), 54 1239-1250 (1982), 55 931-941 (1983) lUPAP-SUN, Symbols, Units and Nomenclature in Physics, PV ica 93A 1-60 (1978). 

A vector quantity is indicated by bold italic type and its magnitude by italic type. 

Numbers in italic type are those used in <72PMH(5)i). 

Similarly, general syntax statements for Gaussian input are set off from the text, set in fixed-width type. Within syntax statements, literal keywords appear in fixed-width type while replaceable parameters—items for which you must substitute the appropriate value—are set in normal italic type ... 

Italic type is used to indicate special terms, like basis set, the first time they appear in the text. Italicized terms will be defined immediately following their introduction. 

Values in bold type show the extension forces, using the full piston area. Values in italic type are for the retraction force for various piston rod diameters. Remember that force values are theoretical, derived by calculation. Experience has shown that probably 5 per cent but... 

To provide a mathematical description of a particle in space it is essential to specify not only its mass, but also its position (perhaps with respect to an arbitrary origin), as well as its velocity (and hence its momentum). Its mass is constant and thus independent of its position and velocity, at least in the absence of relativistic effects. It is also independent of the system of coordinates used to locate it in space. Its position and velocity, on the other hand, which have direction as well as magnitude, are vector quantities. Their descriptions depend on the choice of coordinate system. In this chapter Heaviside s notation will be followed, viz. a scalar quantity is represented by a symbol in plain italics, while a vector is printed in bold-face italic type. 

In words, the symbols T = f(energy) means T is a function of energy. Note how variables are usually printed in italic type. 

Care do not confuse the symbols for molecular iodine I2 and the second ionization energy /(2). Hint note carefully the use of italic type. 

The compound headings are those coimnonly used by the U.S. EPA and many agricultural organizations. Positional and/or stmctural prefixes set in italic type are not integral parts of the chemical names and hence ate disregarded in alphabetizing. These include asym-, sym-, n-, sec-, cis-, trans-, a-, P-, y-, o-, m-, p-, N-, S-, etc. 

The tensor quantities given in this chapter are all second rank, and are sometimes referred to as matrices, according to common usage, so that the two terms, tensor and matrix, are used interchangeably. In many cases, the components (or coefficients) of second-rank tensors are represented by 3 x 3 matrices. Symbols for tensors (matriees) are printed in bold italic type, while symbols for the components are printed in italic type. In general, the base tensors are those for a rectangular Cartesian coordinate system. 

This document defines the most commonly used terms relating to polymers containing ionizable or ionic groups and to polymers containing ions. Inorganic materials, such as certain phosphates, silicates, etc., that also may be considered ionic polymers are excluded from the present document. Only those terms that could be defined without ambiguity are considered. Cross-references to terms defined elsewhere within the document are printed in italic type. 

Rule 1.6 The subscript letters n, p, q, r, etc. denote multiplicities of polymeric sequences, whereas the subscript letters a, b, c, etc. denote multiplicities of oligomeric sequences. The subscripts should be printed in italic type. 

Let me tear away the veils of this mystery. Italic type, with words slanted like this, was invented around 1500 by Italian printer Aldus Manutius. Manutius used italics in a dedication for a book of works by Latin poet Virgil. Manutius s dedication was for his native Italy. The font was based on the cursive handwriting called Cancelleresca, used in the... 

Upon choosing one of these basic and easy-to-read fonts, you also have access to a variety of typestyles that can be used to capture the reader s attention. You want to use different typestyles sparingly and only to highlight specific pieces of information. Boldface, small capitals, underlined, and italic type can be used effectively. 

This is an example of Times Roman—Italic type. 

A symmetry operation is an operation which when applied to a molecule (by which we mean the nuclear framework) moves it in such a way that its final position is physically indistinguishable from its initial position. It should be pointed out that such an operation can have no effect on any physical property of the molecule. Also, in this text, we will establish the convention that the operation is applied to the molecule itself and not to some set of spatial axes. The symbol for such an operation is called a symmetry operator (for which bold-face italic type will be used). For every symmetry operation there is a... 

In the following, a scalar is represented with italic type and a vector is denoted with boldface type. The vector can be represented in terms of its components in the directions represented as unit vectors, that is,... 

Table 4.56. Comparison of Methoxy- and Cyano Substituent Effects on Naphthalene and Benzene Carbon-13 Shifts (Zf in ppm). Benzoid Shift Increments are Printed in Italic Type.

Diido-naphthalene (predicted values in italic type)... 

Fig. 5.16. Structures, 13C chemical shifts (in ppm) and one-bond carbon-hydrogen coupling constants (in IIz, italic types) of coumarin (left side) and the furanocoumarin psoralen (right side).

The CSE also conducted research on Gelatin-Cheddites, which were already known in Switzerland and in Italy(See Swiss Ital Gelatin-Cheddites in Table 4). A corresponding French formulation, known as On°18 was really no improvement over Swiss Ital types. 

Because this book covers a wide rage of subfields in chemistry and physics, we will use many different abbreviations. To avoid confusion, notice that in Table 1.1 (and throughout this book) units are always written with normal (Roman) type. Variables or physical quantities are always either Greek characters or written in italic type. Thus, for example, m is the abbreviation for meters, but is the abbrevation for mass. 

SI units and their symbols have distinctive type styles. Items given in italic type are variables, quantity symbols, superscripts and subscripts if they represent variables, quantities, or running numbers. Items given in roman type are unit symbols, superscripts, and subscripts that are descriptive. The typeface used in the surrounding text of the document does not change these rules. 

At pages marked in italic type, the chemical formula is given. 

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