Teratogenicity arsenic

Hanlon, D.P. and V.H. Ferm. 1986a. Teratogen concentration changes as the basis of the heat stress enhancement of arsenate teratogenesis in hamsters. Teratology 34 189-193. 

Desesso, J.M. (2001) Teratogen update inorganic arsenic. Teratology, 64(3), 170-73. 

The inorganic compounds in Table 1 include arsenic compounds, cadmium sa1ts lead chloride, lead nitrate, and mercury salts. These are highly poisonous compounds as well as being suspected teratogens, and they need to be handled with extra care. Fortunately, most of these substances are used only in dilute solution and usually in semi-micro quantities. Solutions of arsenic, cadmium, lead, and mercury salts are typically used in connection with Qualitative Analysis procedures, and the amounts used are often no more than a few drops. Hand washing at the end of the laboratory period is especially important after working with solutions such as these. 

A.R. Beaudoin, Teratogenicity of sodium arsenate in rats. Teratology 10 153-158, 1974. 

Exposure to retinoic acid, methylnitrosourea, and clomiphene during the early embryonic period, prior to the induction of the neural plate (before day 18 in the human), results in an increased incidence of neural tube defects and other malformations in experimental animal models (Bennett Finnell, 1998). In addition, exposure of rodents to teratogens such as retinoic acid, arsenic, and valproic acid during the period of neurulation results in neural tube defects such as spina bifida and encephaloceles (Adams Lammer, 1993 Bennett Finnell, 1998). Of these, therapeutic use of... 

SAFETY PROFILE Confirmed human carcinogen. Poison by subcutaneous route. An experimentai teratogen. Other experimentai reproductive effects. Human mutation data reported. See aiso ARSENIC COMPOUNDS. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of arsenic. 

OSHA PEL TWA 0.5 mg(As)/m3 ACGIH TLV BEI 35 (As)/L inorganic arsenic and methylated metabolites in urine DOT CLASSIFICATION 6.1 Label Poison SAFETY PROFILE Poison by an unspecified route. Moderately toxic by ingestion and intraperitoneal routes. Experimental teratogenic and reproductive effects. A skin and eye irritant. Questionable carcinogen with experimental tumorigenic data. Mutation data reported. Used as an herbicide, defoliant, and silvicide. Hazardous when water solution is in contact with active metals, e.g., Fe, Al, Zn. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of As. 

SAFETY PROFILE An experimental teratogen. Explodes on contact with ammonia. Ignites on contact with arsenic. Mixture with acetic anhydride is a sensitive explosive. Incompatible with alcohols. 

A cellular toxicant like arsenic. Fatal human dose is about 500 mg of thallium. Intake of thallium causes depilation. Many reported fatalities. An experimental teratogen. When heated to decomposition it emits very toxic fumes of SOx and Tl. Pesticide for control of rats, moles, and house mice. See also THALLIUM COMPOUNDS and SULFATES. 

Li Y, Sun M, Wu D. 1997. [Effects of combined teratogenic action of selenium and arsenic on rat whole culture in vitro], Wei Sheng Xen Chiu 16(2) 32-34. (Chinese). 

Arsenical Compound suspected Oncogenicity Mutagenicity Teratogenicity... 

Mason RW, Edwards IR and Fisher IC (1989) Teratogenicity of combinations of sodium dichromate, sodium arsenate and copper sulphate in the rat. Comp Biochem Physiol C 93 407-411. 

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